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Types of political cultures
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- Walter Sisulu University (WSU)
Background information on political culture
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1.All political systems of different societies are a mixture of cultures. In other words,no political culture exists
in a pure form; every society has a mixture of different types of political orientations.
the term ‘civic culture’ best explains how the different types of political
culture mix and overlap. Civic culture best describes the mix between the types of
political culture, a mix of all three political cultures the majority of participants, a
significant number of subjects and a very slight group of parochial. It has been
claimed that the civic culture combines a mix of subject and participant political
orientations. In a civic culture, people respect the law and legitimate political
authority ,citizens are informed about political issues and take part in the political
process.
It is clear that the society will always have people with different attitudes within the
civic culture model, people participate in politics to express their views to the
government but also not much involved to oppose decisions they disagree with.In
other states, the citizens felt that they could influence the governing system.
Participant political orientations seem to be good - having the citizens involved in the
political systems ensures government accountability and democracy. In their words,
the involvement of citizens leads to high effective governance and democracy. The
civic culture appears to be particularly appropriate for a democratic political system.
The civic culture’s requirements are that participant political culture needs to be
embedded with subject and parochial political culture.
The fact that citizens of a particular country may not be equally advanced while
others may be advanced and others may be less advanced, the more advanced
ones are likely to develop the characteristics of participant orientations while the less
advanced may still retain subject and parochial orientations, especially the ones in
rural and traditional societies. The level of education, political knowledge, socio-
economic background, and ethnic group are the determinants factors that contribute
to a person choosing whether to or not to be part of the political system within a
society.
The notion of political culture seeks retain the psychological subtleties of the earlier
national character studies while giving appropriate attention to the distinctive
features of the political sphere and to the intervening stages of personality
development between childhood and induction into adult political life. It is also
possible to distinguish various kinds of tensions and instabilities in political cultures
according to the types of contradictions and inconsistencies in the socializing
process and between the requirements of the political system.
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