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Emotion and Motivation Lecture notes: Introduction To Psychology Pt2 (PSY1005s) R50,00
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Emotion and Motivation Lecture notes: Introduction To Psychology Pt2 (PSY1005s)

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This document includes notes, diagrams, and explanations relating to the emotion and motivation section in Intro to Psychology Pt2.

Last document update: 3 year ago

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  • September 30, 2021
  • September 30, 2021
  • 13
  • 2021/2022
  • Class notes
  • Dr progress njomboro
  • Motivation and emotion lectures

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PSY1000S - Intro to Psych pt2
Written by: Lekia Thaver


EMOTION


Components of Emotion (Grouped as physiological, behavioral, or experimental)
- Reactions to stimulus (e.g., fear when seeing a dangerous looking dog)
- Cognitive Evolutions (e.g., familiar to a situation therefore choose what to do based
on that)
- Subjective Changes (i.e., Increased heart rate, this includes all autonomic process)
- Neural Activation (i.e., Processes the stimuli)
- Drive to Action (e.g., Run away or fight after feeling of fear when seeing the dog)
- Behavioral Outputs (i.e., Functional reaction)


1. The Physiology of Emotion

 Physiological markers of Emotion
(Aids in the lab as these markers are measurable and can indicate what reaction is associated with what
emotion)
- Heart rate
- Pupil dilation
- Dry mouth
- Body heat
- Hormonal release
- Facial or bodily expressions (i.e., smile will indicate happiness)
- Blood pressure
- Skin conductance

Different emotions can also be associated with different physiological reactions e.g., fear
NB! associated with decrease in skin temp whereas anger associated with increase in skin
temp.

 Areas of the brain involved in processing emotion (AKA Emotional Brain)
(Refers to interpreting emotions of others as well as processing them ourselves)

Positive Emotions= Left frontal Lobe
Negative Emotions= Right frontal Lobe (also processes facial expressions)

- Amygdala (Activates robustly when presented with valuable or survival stimuli i.e., Facial expressions or fear)
- PFC (Pre-frontal cortex involved in top-down regulation of emotion i.e., see a snake and asses whether the
situation is dangerous as told by the amygdala therefore aids decision in fight or flight)
- Thalamus
- Insular (processes emotion of disgust)
- ACC (Anterior cingulate cortex)
- NA (Noradrenaline)

, - VP (Ventriculoperitoneal)
- Hippocampus
- Septum
- SS Cortices




o Amygdala: LeDoux’s Low & High Road

- Two sensory input pathways to the amygdala for perception of fearful stimuli

1. Low Road = fast pathway from sensory receptors to thalamus to amygdala that
bypasses the cortex (therefore allows for rapid, automatic, unconscious reactions to
the potentially dangerous stimuli)
2. High Road = slower pathway from sensory receptors goes to thalamus as well as
cortex (higher order processing, frontal, and temporal cortex) therefore involves
more thinking behind a reaction.

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