Nightsong City – Dennis Brutus
· Author: coloured South African who fought against Apartheid
The author was separated from his lover (who was a white citizen) – had to separate as their affair
was forbidden (this gives the personal aspect of the poem – ‘my love’)
· Title: contrasts/juxtaposes the connotations of a lullaby (peaceful, comfortable, soothing, calm,
safe) with the connotations of a bustling city (busy, crime, hectic, social standards)
· Tone: soft, gentle, calming – almost like a lullaby – but this softness covers up the underlying
meaning of the poem
· Speaker is speaking to someone he loves –
wishing them a good/peaceful night’s rest
1 Sleep well, my love, sleep well: · Repetition: emphasises desire/yearning for a
calm night (as opposed to violent reality of
Apartheid – night was a time of terror/conflict)
· Glaze: the lights are reflecting onto the water
· Atmosphere: soothing/calming/romantic OR
eerie/restless/uneasy
· Restless: shatters the reader’s perception of any
sense of calmness – eerie
2 the harbour lights glaze over restless docks, connotations/atmosphere is created
· Personification:
(1) Restlessness represents the activity on the
harbour
(2) Restlessness represents the docks
themselves
· Cockroach: connotations are
creepy/sinister/dirty/repulsive/unwanted
· Emphasis: using ‘cockroach’ as a verb highlights
the scuttling/quick movements of the night –
negative connotations of the police
· Highlights how the police work silently and go out
police cars cockroach through the tunnel
3 of their way to catch people (especially non-
streets;
whites) breaking the curfew
· Tunnel: sinister connotations – dark, theft, drugs,
attacked, dangerous, trapped
Emphasis: highlights the lack of freedom
experienced by the non-white people during
Apartheid
·
· Shanties: townships – poverty, overcrowded
· creaking iron-sheets: a familiar sound to the
reader/any South African (iron contracts in the
4 from shanties creaking iron-sheets heat and when it cools again at night it makes
creaking sounds)
· Represents the non-white population – poverty,
segregation
· Violence: indicates the high level of crime and
lack of education
· Bug-infested rag:
(1) when the rag is shaken, the bugs disperse in
the same way that violence spreads
throughout the poverty-stricken shanties
5 violence like a bug-infested rag is tossed (2) bugs represent the police – the police are
causing more violence (which is unwanted –
tossed)
Negative connotations/symbolism
· Tossed: connotations of carelessness/unwanted
– indicates a lack of care towards people in the
township
and fear is immanent as sound in the wind-
6 · Immanent: unquestionable – it WILL happen
swung bell;
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through EFT, credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying this summary from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller lollisaint. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy this summary for R50,00. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.