A summary that will save you when learning the endocrine system.
With the use of lists and diagrams the entire module is summarized into seven pages! All important facts are listed making it easy for you to learn and get a good mark in your tests.
HUMAN ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Endocrine system =
endocrine
glands
→
hormones ( chemical messengers)
uctless glands =
release hormones directly into bloodstream .
>
target organs
Exocrine glands =
secrete viaducts to cavity or outside e.
g salivary glands
chemical coordination : control i. co -
ordination of hormones in blood .
HORMONES
ENOCRINENERVT
-
chemical
>
Organic chemical messenger message electrochemical
message
>
proteins or steroids slower response Fast response
>
secreted small ↳ doesn't last
quantities Response long lasting
:
long
>
Target organs have receptors for specific hormone Bloodstream Nerves
>
Regulatory function -
>
Regulated by negative or positive feedback mechanisms
Negative feedback mechanism :
Any deviation from normal levels elicits a response that restores normal levels .
ENDOCRINE GLANDS & their HORMONES
Hypophysis Pituitary gland
' '
Master gland
location : Base of brain attached to hypothalamus in
cavity
'
,
=
cranium
Relationship between hypothalamus & hypo physics
> controls pituitary gland function link between nervous { endocrine system
↳ secretes
releasing factors via neurons / blood Stimulates .
TSH (Thyroid hormone)
stimulating
>
Target organ Thyroid gland :
Thyroid secretes thyroxine
→
5TH (so Matotropic hormone / growth hormone)
>
Target organ :
muscles i. skeleton ( stimulates synthesis of proteins)
Promotes growth
→
0
Disorders :
>
under secretion
-
:
hyposecretion
children pituitary dwarfism
• =
>
over -
secretion :
hypersecretion
•
children =
gigantism
•
Adults =
Acromegaly
FSH (
Follicle-stimulating hormone)
Target organ ovaries
>
±
:
testes
→
development of primary follicle into mature G-raafian follicles
→
activates germinal epithelium that produces sperm cells
LH ( lutein ising hormone)
Target organ ovaries
>
±
:
testes
stimulates ovulation (release secondary oocyte) + development of Corpus luteum
→
→
stimulates cells of Leydig to produce testosterone
Prolactin
>
Target organ mammary glands :
stimulates to produce milk
mammary glands
→
.
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