Some examples from this set of practice questions
1.
What is taxonomy and who was the father of modern taxonomy?
Answer: Taxonomy is the process of classifying organisms according to natural and evolutionary relationships. Carl Linnaeus was the father of modern taxonomy.
2.
Why is taxonomy important in general, and specifically in conservation?
Answer: Taxonomy is important because it helps identify patterns in nature and decides how best to protect individual species, which in turn promotes biodiversity. It is important in conservation because it helps scientists monitor climate change (looking at changes in species distribution, diversity, reproduction, feeding, etc.), it helps identify and monitor alien invasive species, and it helps combat pests and diseases.
3.
What is Binomial Nomenclature, and provide an example.
Answer: Binomial nomenclature is the method of naming an organism using two names: Genus and specific epithet (species). Example: Home sapiens *Pay special attention to formatting: Genus starts with a capital letter, species is all lower case. Then typed, both words must be in italics. If hand written, each word must be underlined separately.
4.
What is a species and a subspecies, and provide an example of both.
Answer: A species is a group of actually or potentially interbreeding individuals in a population that does not interbreed with other populations when given the opportunity. They are reproductively isolated from other species. A subspecies is a taxa which falls underneath a species but is less distinct (a group of individuals that have been isolated (geographically) from main species and have thus adapted/evolved differently. Examples: Species - Cape Mountain Zebra (Equus zebra) Subspecies - Hartmann’s Mountain Zebra (Equus zebra hartmannae)
5.
What is the correct order to use when classifying any organism?
Answer: Remember: King Phillip Came Over For Great Sex Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species
6.
What is the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Answer: Prokaryotic cells have free floating DNA. Eukaryotic cells have a distinct nucleus membrane which surrounds the DNA.
7.
What are the 5 main kingdoms, and which are prokaryotic vs eukaryotic?
Answer: Monera - Prokaryotic Animalia - Eukaryotic Plantae - Eukaryotic Fungi - Eukaryotic Protista - Eukaryotic
8.
What significance do protozoans have for human health?
Answer: Many are the main causative organism of human disease.
9.
List 5 characteristics of protoza.
Answer: 1. They are eukaryotic organisms which have true nuclei, membrane-enclosed organelles, & flagella & cilia 2. Most are unicellular – some are colonial – others are multicellular with tissues arranged in simple body plans. 3. Pellicle is the structure enclosing protozoans – consists of plasma membrane & underlying cytoskeleton. 4. They may be autotrophic, heterotrophic or mixotrophic. 5. Most have cilia/flagella at some stage during life cycle – this is an extension of cytoplasm. 6. They can reproduce sexually or asexually. 7. Some form resistant cysts when stressed.
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