Essay
Essay IPC2602 - International Political Dynamics Foreign Policy
- Institution
- University Of South Africa (Unisa)
Essay IPC2602 - International Political Dynamics Foreign Policy
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DICUSS THE VARIOUS INSTITUTIONS INVOLVED IN FOREIGN POLICY ANDTHE ROLE THEY PLAY IN FOREIGN POLICY MAKING
Foreign policy can be described as a goal, directed and value judgements which
form the basis on which the state operates in international politics. Foreign policy
making occurs in interacting, ever-changing environments. These environments
consist of the domestic environment, the international environment, the
psychological environment, and the organisational environment.
All foreign policy decisions occur in a particular domestic context. Domestic factors
such as the economic and political situation, natural resources, governmental
structures, interest groups, public opinion and political parties all influence foreign
policy making.
We can identify the clusters of goals that the state might pursue in formulating its
foreign policy. These include: national interest, the promotion of political and
economic autonomy, the enhancement of public welfare and the enhancement of
status or prestige.
National interest remains an important part of the formulation of foreign policy, but it
has not yet been clearly defined. Among these are interests of primary, variable,
permanent, specific and those of a general nature.
For any state, the current view of national interests dictates the nature of its long-
term effort in foreign policy, and it also controls its course of action in a short-term
context. Independence in international politics, the search for justice and the
creation of a community are also goals pursued in international politics.
In this paper I will be discussing…
BODY:
There are four identified variables of foreign policy: objectives, means, influences
and processes. The place where all this interaction between objectives, means and
influences take place is the processes of foreign policy, which interact with the other
variables to produce policy.
The objectives are the most significant determinant of foreign policy. The means
available for the implementation of foreign policy determine and delimit the
objectives set for foreign policy. Policy is limited and determined by the different
influences on foreign policy.
There are five instruments of foreign policy making. They are diplomatic bargaining,
propaganda, economic rewards and coercion, clandestine actions and military
intervention, and lastly war. Each paragraph following will briefly discus each
instrument individually.
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