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This document is compiled from the 2022 Lessons 1-7. It’s ONLY focused on the
key terms/definitions and diagrams
Please ensure you actually need to study these for the exam before you purchase
them.
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Page 1 of 85
IOP1601 Study Notes
, Definitions An individual’s consistent patterns of
Personality
feeling, thinking, and behaving
The use of assessment methods that
use a restricted response format
(ordinal scale ratings or true/false
questions), and which contain
Objective personality tests
extensively tested validity scales to
determine whether the person
taking the test is responding
truthfully.
The most widely used in modern
Self-report Measures personality research and asks people
to describe themselves.
An approach to personality
assessment in which you ask
Informant-rating Measures someone who knows a person well
to describe his or her personality
characteristics.
A questionnaire that may be used in
Inventory objective psychological testing to
determine personality traits.
A five (or seven) point rating scale,
often found on survey forms, is used
Likert-type scale to allow the individual to express
how much they agree or disagree
with a particular statement.
NOTE: There’s more than one definition for personality
so just make sure you know each one in its own context
Page 2 of 85
IOP1601 Study Notes
, Definitions The observation that people tend to
believe in descriptions of their
Barnum effect personality that supposedly are
descriptive of them but could
describe almost anyone
Measures of personality in which
unstructured stimuli, such as
inkblots, drawings of social
situations, or incomplete sentences,
Projective measures
are shown to participants, who are
asked to freely list what comes to
mind as they think about the stimuli.
A projective measure of personality
in which the respondent indicates
Rorschach Inkblot Test his or her thoughts about a series of
10 symmetrical inkblots
A projective measure of personality
in which the respondent is asked to
Thematic Apperception Test create stories about sketches of
(TAT) ambiguous situations, most of the
people, either alone or with others
The integration of an individual's
visible and non-visible stable
Personality
attributes and behaviour across time
and situations.
Written guidelines or standards used
Business ethics to hold a company accountable for
moral actions and just decisions.
Page 3 of 85
IOP1601 Study Notes
, Definitions A perspective that reflects the
African perspective African understanding and
worldview
A shared understanding of the
Collective selfhood interrelated nature and being of
people.
Any philosophic, economic, political,
religious or social outlook
emphasising the interdependence of
Collectivistic every human being. The basic
cultural element of collectivism
exists in human nature as the
reverse of individualism.
A life orientation that emphasises
Individualist the right of the individual to live
according to own choices.
The unique psychological qualities of
an individual that influence a variety
Personality of characteristics behaviour patterns
(both overt and covert) across
different situations and over time.
The state of being a person; having
Personhood human characteristics and
experiences.
The nature of reality (all that is or
Ontology
exists), view of reality and the world.
Page 4 of 85
IOP1601 Study Notes
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