These notes are provide detailed information on the electrostatics chapter in the Mind Action Series Physical Science Grade 12 textbook. These notes are colourful, have diagrams for further explanation and are very easily understood.
Electrostatics = the study of
electrically charged objects
This force occurs betw obj that are
+ charge = result of e- loss charged
- charge = result of e- gain - Like charge repel & opp charge
attract
o electrically neutral ∴ #p+ = #e-
o Obj w/ like charge repel & opp
charge attract e/o
Definition: Two point charges in free
o Charged bcz friction space or air exerts forces on e/o.
o Charged obj can induce The force is directly prop to the
charge on other nearby obj product of the charges and inversely
*Only e- can be transferred* prop to the square of the distance
between the charges
kQ1Q2
charge electron (qe-) = -1.6 x 10-19 C
F = ----------------
charge proton (qp+) = +1.6 x 10-19 C r2
(millicoulomb) mC = x 10-3 F = electrostatic force (N)
(microcoulomb) μC = x 10-6 Q1 & Q2 = charges of obj (C)
(nanocoulomb) nC = x10-9 r = distance betw centres obj (m)
(picocoulomb) pC = x 10-12
k = Coulumb’s Law constant
= 9 x 109 N.m2.C-2
* x use neg # in calculations of force
Qnett = Q1 + Q2 … or field strength bcz charge = scalar
𝑄1+𝑄2 quantity *
Qeach =
2
(Q transferred) = ΔQ = Qf - Qi
𝑄
(# e-) n =
𝑞𝑒 F ∝ Q1Q2
Δ𝑄
((# e- transferred) n = 𝟏
𝑞𝑒 F ∝
𝑄𝑓 −𝑄𝑖 𝒓𝟐
=
𝑞𝑒
Definition: Charge cannot be
destroyed or created, but can only be
transferred from one obj to another
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