Exam (elaborations)
Abnormal Behaviour and Mental Health_Examination Preparation_CMY3702
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- University Of South Africa (Unisa)
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PYC3702 Abnormal Behaviour andMental Health Exams
,1 PYC3702 Abnormal Behaviour and Mental Health
This document is a compilation of UNISA Exam Questions and Answers
Answers are motivated by a combination of:
• References
• Short summaries/reasoning regarding the relevant topic(s) in question. (Incorrect
options are also marked where applicable, in order to identify and disregard red-herring
alternatives)
Assignments covered are:
• 2016 May-June
• 2016 October-November
• 2017 May-June
• 2017 October-November
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,2 PYC3702 Abnormal Behaviour and Mental Health
May/June 2016
QUESTION 1
In class, Professor Bell defines ___ as the view adopted by a person that regards symptoms of
mental disorders as the same in all cultures and societies.
1) Ukuthwasa
2) Cultural relativism
3) Cultural-bound syndrome
4) Cultural-universality
Answer: The correct answer is (4)
Refer: TL501, pg. 35
Reasoning:
• Cultural universality (option 4) refers to behavior being similar across cultures, and in
contrast
• Cultural relativity (option 2) refers to behavior being understood differently according to
each culture.
• Ukuthwasa (option 1) according to the traditional African perspective refers to a ‘’creative
illness’’ following a calling by the ancestral spirits to become a diviner (isangoma).
QUESTION 2
Which assumption about the development of mental disorders is not accurate according to the
underlying principles of the Multipath Model?
1) No one theory is adequate to explain the development of mental disorders.
2) All four dimensions of the model contribute equally to the aetiology of mental disorders.
3) Psychological and biological assets can help protect individuals from the development of
mental disorders.
4) The model acknowledges that aetiological factors combine in reciprocal ways in the
development of mental disorders.
Answer: The correct answer is (2)
Refer: Sue et al., pg. 36
Reasoning: According to the Multipath Model, abnormal behaviour can very seldom be explained
in full by one theoretical model. The Multipath Model proposes the consideration of combinations
of interacting biological, psychological, social and sociocultural factors in explaining abnormal
behaviour.
QUESTION 3
Bina, normally an energetic and optimally coping mother of three young children, recently became
unable to go shopping, prepare meals, or even dress her children. Bina’s current unusual behavior
illustrates Sue et al’s (2016) practical definition of abnormality called ___.
1) disorientation
2) distress
3) dysfunction
4) deviance
Answer: The correct answer is (3)
Refer: Sue et al., pg. 9
Reasoning: Four major means of judging psychopathology include distress, deviance, dysfunction,
and dangerousness.
One way to assess dysfunction is to compare an individual’s performance with the requirements
of a role he is expected to fulfil. Another way to assess dysfunction is to compare and individual’s
performance with his/her potential.
, 3 PYC3702 Abnormal Behaviour and Mental Health
QUESTION 4
A psychologist says, “There are certain mental disorders for which we can find little evidence of
brain pathology.” This psychologist’s statement reflects a/n ___ viewpoint.
1) Organic
2) Biogenic
3) Humanistic
4) Psychological
Answer: The correct answer is (1)
Refer: Sue et al., pp. 30-31
Reasoning: The biological, or organic, viewpoint holds that mental disorders are the result of
physiological damage/disease.
The psychological viewpoint (option 4) stresses an emotional basis for mental illness.
Read the following brief case study and answer questions 5, 6 and 7.
Since childhood, 22-year old Tshetlha, has always been a very sensitive and overly emotional
individual, who has an intense fear of being rejected and humiliated. His fear is so overwhelming to
the extent that he withdraws from social interactions and has recently declined a job promotion for
fear of criticism from work colleagues. Although Tshetlha desires to have relationships with others
and have an active social life, the fear of possible rejection leads him to withdraw from social
relationships. He has admitted recently that he would like to have a relationship with a young
woman who he knows from church and fantasizes about her as the ideal woman, however he is
highly uncertain whether she would like him and thus he is very reluctant to take a risk and ask her
out on a date as he anticipates that he will experience unbearable feelings of inadequacy if she
refuses to go out with him.
According to his adoptive mother, Mrs. Swanepoel reported that she has raise Tshetlha as her own as
his biological mother who was the family domestic worker disappeared when he was only 5 years
old. Throughout his life, Mrs. Swanepoel did not see the need to perform any traditional rituals for
Tshetlha during the different phases in his life in line with African traditional customs, instead he was
raised within Western Cultural practices. When Tshetlha graduated from university he experienced a
spade of bad luck which the family gardener. Mr Pitso attributed to the fact that the necessary
African rituals were not performed and as a result he remained vulnerable to the different life
adversities as his ancestors did not know him.
However, Mrs. Swanepoel strongly believes that Tshetlha only needs to consult with a psychologist in
order to assist him with his interpersonal difficulties. According to Mr. Pitso, his recollection of
Tshetlha’s father, also like Tshetlha, was a loner who kept mostly to himself and people always said
that he was socially inept in other people’s company.
QUESTION 5
From an African perspective, the gardener, Mr. Pitso’s explanation on the cause of Tshetlha’s
significant interpersonal difficulties can be viewed as ___.
1) a form of depersonalization
2) bad spell from sorcerers who are against his family
3) Amafufunyane
4) “Go latlha Maseko”/ukulatlha amasiko
Answer: The correct answer is (4)
Refer: TL501, pg. 40
Reasoning: Go latlha maseko/setso (Sesotho) or ukulatlha amasikoin (isiZulu) is the failure to
perform the traditional practices. For example, due to western influence, people might not
believe in African rituals. This might anger the ancestors who will cause ill-health or other types of
problems in a person’s life, and therefore the correct option.
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