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A1 S1 2019 1 One of the following statements is not an 9 A fallacy that leads one from initially and seemingly
aspect of critical thinking. Which one is it? true first premises to exaggerated consequences in the
1 Skilfully conceptualising and analysing ideas. conclusion is called:
2 Accepting information without active thought. 1 Complex question
3 Questioning the ideas and beliefs of others. 2 Hasty generalisation
4 Challenging dogma and authority. 3 Slippery slope argument
2 Critical thinking is the opposite of dogma. Why is this? 4 None of the above
1 Dogma allows one to engage with the world in an 10 A fallacy is committed below. Which one?
ethical and politically conscious manner, whereas ‘There is an advertisement on TV where Beyoncé says
critical reasoning does not. that this toothpaste is the best for preventing cavities. It
2 Critical reasoning allows one to engage with the makes sense then to buy this brand.’
world in such a way as to ensure that one can easily 1 Complex question
accept ideas, whereas dogma does not. 2 Hasty generalisation
3 Critical reasoning enables one to conceptualise, 3 False appeal to authority
question, and evaluate ideas, whereas dogma does 4 False dilemma
not. 11 A fallacy is committed below. Which one?
4 Dogma allows one to critically engage with the world ‘Lesedi said that the food in this restaurant is
whereas critical reasoning does not. exceptionally well done. I don’t see how that can be,
3 Fill in the missing word(s)/phrase(s). as this steak I ordered is very rare.’
______________ are generalisations that people make 1 Ad hominem argument
about the ______________ of all members of a groups, 2 Equivocation
based on an image (often wrong) about what people 3 Hasty generalization
in that group are like. 4 False dilemma
1 Stereotypes; characteristics 12 Fill in the missing word(s)/phrase(s).
2 Social ideas; characteristics A _____________ is when a generalisation is made on
3 Assumptions; differences the basis of insufficient evidence.
4 Fallacies; differences 1 Hasty generalisation
For questions 4─7 identify the type of fallacy being 2 Equivocation
used in the statements to follow: 3 Ad hominem argument
4 ‘If we give students one extension for an assignment 4 False dilemma
due to late delivery of study material, then they will 13 Fill in the missing word(s)/phrase(s).
expect it for every single assessment. Next thing you ____________ are those statements in an argument that
know, students will want to set their own deadlines!’ have the function of supporting the _________________.
1 Slippery slope argument 1 Premises; conclusion
2 Straw man argument 2 Conclusions; premise
3 Begging the question 3 Arguments; conclusion
4 Equivocation 4 Fallacies; conclusion
5 ‘My teacher told me that all living beings evolved. I 14 Which of the following terms is not a premise
simply cannot see how I am the daughter of an ape!’ indicator?
1 Begging the question 1 because
2 False appeal to authority 2 since
3 Slippery slope argument 3 moreover
4 Straw man argument 4 hence
6 ‘Do not trust atoms. They make up everything.’ 15 What is the principle of charitable interpretation?
1 Faulty analogy 1 The argument should be interpreted in such a way
2 Slippery slope argument that the premises give the weakest support for the
3 Equivocation conclusion.
4 Faulty analogy 2 The argument should be interpreted in such a way
7 ‘People who drink coffee every day are just as bad that the premises give the strongest support for the
as alcoholics. Both alcoholics and coffee drinkers have conclusion.
an addiction.’ 3 The argument should be interpreted in such a way
1 Begging the question that the premises do not support the conclusion.
2 Equivocation 4 The argument should be interpreted in such a way
3 Slippery slope argument that the conclusion is not supported by any premises.
4 Faulty analogy
8 Which fallacy occurs when two or more questions are
disguised as one question?
1 Complex question
2 Equivocation
3 Slippery slope argument
4 Faulty analogy
1
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