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COS1512 EXAM PACK 2022
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COS1511 EXAM PACK 2023
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LEARNING TO PROGRAM WITH PYTHONRichard L. Halterman
,Copyright © 2011 Richard L. Halterman. All rights reserved.
, i
Contents
1 The Context of Software Development 1
1.1 Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.2 Development Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.3 Learning Programming with Python . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.4 Writing a Python Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.5 A Longer Python program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
1.6 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.7 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2 Values and Variables 11
2.1 Integer Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2.2 Variables and Assignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
2.3 Identifiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
2.4 Floating-point Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
2.5 Control Codes within Strings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
2.6 User Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
2.7 The eval Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
2.8 Controlling the print Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
2.9 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
2.10 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
3 Expressions and Arithmetic 35
3.1 Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
3.2 Operator Precedence and Associativity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
3.3 Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
3.4 Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
©2011 Richard L. Halterman Draft date: November 13, 2011
, CONTENTS ii
3.4.1 Syntax Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
3.4.2 Run-time Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
3.4.3 Logic Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
3.5 Arithmetic Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
3.6 More Arithmetic Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
3.7 Algorithms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
3.8 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
3.9 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
4 Conditional Execution 57
4.1 Boolean Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
4.2 Boolean Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
4.3 The Simple if Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
4.4 The if/else Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
4.5 Compound Boolean Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
4.6 Nested Conditionals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
4.7 Multi-way Decision Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
4.8 Conditional Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
4.9 Errors in Conditional Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
4.10 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
4.11 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
5 Iteration 81
5.1 The while Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
5.2 Definite Loops vs. Indefinite Loops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
5.3 The for Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
5.4 Nested Loops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
5.5 Abnormal Loop Termination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
5.5.1 The break statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
5.5.2 The continue Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
5.6 Infinite Loops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
5.7 Iteration Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
5.7.1 Computing Square Root . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
5.7.2 Drawing a Tree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
5.7.3 Printing Prime Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
©2011 Richard L. Halterman Draft date: November 13, 2011
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