Hierdie Opsommings is opgemaak uit 4+ bronne. Kwartaal Biologie opsommings met belangrike sketse, belangrike konsepte en moeilike konsepte afgebreek in makliker en eenvoudiger woorde. Ek as 'n leerder het 83% verwerf vir Biologie met hierdie opsommings! Definitief die moeite werd..
Mikro-organismes
Patogenies – siekte veroorsaakend, meeste gewoonlik parasiete
Verskeie groep mikro-organismes:
- Virusse
- Bakterieë
- Protiste
- Fungi/Swamme
Infekterende siekte – siekte veroorsaak deur ‘n mikro-organisme
Virusse – gemeet in nanometer (nm )
Bakterieë – gemeet in mikrometer ( µm)
1000nm = 1 µm
1000 µm=1 mm
1000mm = 1mm
Vyfrykstelsel
Monera – Bakterieë
Protsita – Amoeba
Fungi – Sampioene
Plantae – Plante
Animalia – Diere
Prokariote
Orgainsmes met selle wat nie ware selkerns besit nie.
DNA word nie deur ‘n kernmembraan omring nie en kom vry in sitoplasma voor.
Membraan omhulde selorganelle is afwesig.
Bv. Bakterieë
Eukariote
Organismes se genetiese materiaal is in ware selkerns aanwesig.
DNA word deur ‘n kernmembraan omring en kom dus binne die selkern voor.
Membraanomhulde selorganelle kom n die sitoplasma voor.
Kom voor in – Protista, Fungi, Plante, Diere.
Virusse
Word nie onder een van de 5 ryke geklasifiseer nie!
Die enigste eienskap van lewe wat viruses het is voortplanting.
Nie sellulêr
Word nie as pro- of eukarioties geklasifiseer nie.
Bakteriofaag – virus wat net bakterieë aanval.
Tabakmosaïekvirus – eerste plantvirus wat geïsoleer is.
Het dieselfde aantal nukleïsure as lewende organismes
Obligaat – moet in ‘n gasheer lewe om te kan oorleef.
Parasiet – organismes wat op gasheer teer en die gasheer
benadeel.
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