This report entails the design of a boost converter for a PV array maximum power point tracking (MPPT) system. The system’s main objective is to always extract maximum power from photovoltaic cells. The system uses an incremental conductance MPPT algorithm to track the maximum power of a PV array...
THE DESIGN OF A BOOST CONVERTER FOR A PV
MPPT SYSTEM
,ABSTRACT
This report entails the design of a boost converter for a PV array maximum power point tracking
(MPPT) system. The system’s main objective is to always extract maximum power from
photovoltaic cells. The system uses an incremental conductance MPPT algorithm to track the
maximum power of a PV array. A theoretical and literature study that relates to this work was
conducted and included in the report. The project feasibility study, and the functional and non-
functional specifications are listed. To achieve these objectives, a methodology was included, it
comprised of parameter calculations and steps to be followed whenever conducting a design of this
magnitude. Since every project has time and financial constraints, it was important to also include
the budget and the timeline layout. The design was separated into three sections for proper analysis
and design namely, PV array, boost converter and the MPPT algorithm. The PV array was designed
to generate a voltage between 100 and 150 volts. The boost converter was designed to step up this
PV input voltage of 150 volts to an output voltage of 300 volts. Using the design specifications, the
boost converter parameters were calculated and applied to the simulation. The MPPT algorithm
used is the incremental conductance algorithm, this method was found to be best and cheaper to
implement. The incremental conductance algorithm tracks the MPP of the PV array by comparing
the incremental conductance and the negative of the instantaneous conductance, the duty cycle is
then adjusted accordingly.
i
,Table of Contents
Declaration........................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Acknowledgements ............................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
Abstract................................................................................................................................................... i
Table of figures..................................................................................................................................... iv
Nomenclature ........................................................................................................................................ v
1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 1
2. Problem Description ......................................................................................................................... 2
2.1 Problem Statement ........................................................................................................................ 2
2.2 Aims and Objectives ..................................................................................................................... 2
3. Literature Review ............................................................................................................................. 2
4. Theoretical Background ................................................................................................................... 3
4.1 Photovoltaic (PV).......................................................................................................................... 3
4.2 Maximum Power Point Tracker (MPPT) ...................................................................................... 3
4.3. The Boost Converter .................................................................................................................... 5
4.3.1 Operation Principle of a boost Converter............................................................................... 5
4.3.2 Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM). .................................................................................. 5
4.3.3 Discontinuous Conduction Mode (DCM) .............................................................................. 6
5. Design Specifications ........................................................................................................................ 7
5.1 Functional Specifications .............................................................................................................. 7
5.2 Non-Functional Specifications...................................................................................................... 8
6. Proposed Solution and components identification. ........................................................................ 8
7. Design Methodology.......................................................................................................................... 8
7.1 PV Array ....................................................................................................................................... 8
7.2 Boost Converter .......................................................................................................................... 10
7.2.1 Calculation of parameters .................................................................................................... 10
7.2.2 Components selection .......................................................................................................... 11
7.2.3 Power Losses Calculations................................................................................................... 11
7.3 Maximum Power Point Tracker .................................................................................................. 13
7.3.1 Algorithm selection .............................................................................................................. 13
7.3.2 Components selection .......................................................................................................... 13
8. Circuit Design and Simulation ....................................................................................................... 14
9. Simulation Results and Discussion ................................................................................................ 15
9.1 Voltage, Current And Power ....................................................................................................... 15
9.2 Maximum Power Point Tracking ................................................................................................ 16
ii
, 9.2.1 Changing Both The Irradiance And Temperature ................................................................ 16
9.2.1 Changing The Temperature Only ........................................................................................ 18
9.2.1 Changing The Irradiance Only ............................................................................................ 19
10. Final Product and implementation .............................................................................................. 19
11. Feasibility Study ............................................................................................................................ 20
12. Project Management ..................................................................................................................... 21
12.1. Component costs ...................................................................................................................... 21
12.2 Labour Costs ............................................................................................................................. 21
12.3 Breakeven analysis.................................................................................................................... 22
13. Conclusion ..................................................................................................................................... 22
14. References ...................................................................................................................................... 23
Appendices ........................................................................................................................................... 24
Appendix A ....................................................................................................................................... 24
Gantt Chart:................................................................................................................................... 24
Appendix B ....................................................................................................................................... 25
Simulation Results showing longer simulation Time. ...................................................................... 25
Boost Converter Parameter Calculations ...................................................................................... 25
Power Losses Calculations............................................................................................................ 26
MOSFET losses ............................................................................................................................ 26
Diode power losses ....................................................................................................................... 26
Boost Converter Efficiency............................................................................................................... 26
Appendix C ....................................................................................................................................... 27
The MPPT algorithm code: ............................................................................................................... 27
The Turnitin Receipt ..................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
iii
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