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Summary Facial Bones, Skull & Sinuses Summaries - 3rd Year Radiography (SPR7000) R250,00   Add to cart

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Summary Facial Bones, Skull & Sinuses Summaries - 3rd Year Radiography (SPR7000)

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Summaries of the skull, facial bones and sinuses. Includes annotations and images of the bones. Has descriptions of each bone in the above mentioned categories. Perfect to use before a test. It is still advised to use your class notes and add any information that your lecturer deemed importan...

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  • September 7, 2022
  • 23
  • 2022/2023
  • Summary
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radstudent
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SPR
7000

, Skeletal
system
THE COCCYX VERTEBRA

Anterior Postel




_
§¥É
coccygeal cornu a


Transverse processes

Articular facet




✓ > 3- 5 Vertebra bones fused
together
u >
>
Triangular
Broarder @ superior portion ( Boise )
• > Narrow @ inferior portion ( Apex )
Apex




THE SACRAL VERTEBRA


> vertebra fused bone (Adults)
sacral promontory to
single




::÷:i
" >
Triangular
> Apex points inferiorly & anteriorly


÷
first
sacral > 4 Sets of sacral foramina
vertebra
> sacral
promontory :
anterior , superior edge of sacral
Transverse base .




Of fusion)




[ Anterior
sacral
foramina
Apex


- coccyx




THE SACROILIAC JOINTS

> Between dla of L + R ilium 5
> Rtl articular surface of sacrum s AP Obi :
Demonstrates uplifted side
> Joints open @ 30°
angle obliquely posterior
> Children Synovial plane joint
: PA Obl :
Demonstrates downside
> Adults fibrous
joint
:


>
slight movement
during precnancy allowed




@ Rad_student ©

,SACRAL JOINTS WITH LUMBAR SPINE




Zygapophysedl Joint Intervertebral Joint

> >
Bilaterally singular
> > Intervertebral disc
synovial plane joint in the
> Allows
gliding motion
>
joint space

> Between the inferior articular >
cartilage
Allows
nous joint


LS and the
slight movement
process of superior
articular process of the sacrum .
> Between vertebral body of LS
and sup Surface of sacral
.




body .




THE TOPOGRAPHIC LANDMARKS




IC @ 14 / Ls
-

- ASIS @ 51/52
"

- ÷ : ::Margolin
@ superior
::


FUNCTIONS OF THE
SKELETON


movement
> Skeletal muscles to bone with tendons
> Bones act as levers
> Joint
type determines movement

support
>framework for the body
> cradles +
protects organs
Protection
> skull =
Brain
> vertebral column = spinal cord
>
Bony thorax =
organs
Minerals & growth factor
>
stores minerals calcium
,
and phosphate
> minerals released in blood stream ( ion form ) if
required elsewhere



@ Rad_student ©

, FUNCTIONS

Blood cell formation
> Red marrow cavities
> called hematopoiesis


Triglyceride storage
> fat source of for the
>
,
energy body
stored in bone
cavities

Hormone production
>
produces osteocalcin
>
bone formation
regulates
>
protects
mellitus
against obesity, glucose intolerance & diabetes




cartilage ÷
1- Haya line cartilage




[
> provide support with flexibility and
resilience
cells
chondrocytes
• = .





encased in small cavities = lacunae > 1.1 .
Articular : provides support ; flexible
1.2 .
Costal :
connects ribs + sternum

1.3 .


Respiratory Passages
: to
larynx
within extracellular matrix , jellylike 1.4 .

Nasal : Supports external nose


ground substance & fibers
2. Elastic
cartilage
>





can withstand bending
>

"""
External ear
& epiglottis ONLY


3. Fibro
cartilage
i£§ Fibro
>

>
Highly compressible
withstand pressure & stretch



n
> Menisci in knee
joint
-




,

Hyaline
intervertebral discs isymphesis
pubis between pelvic bones



@ Rad_student ©

, LONG BONES :



> wide
Longer than
they 're



SHORT BONES ←
! !!!!!!!.ae/n!sis&epipnysis--metaPhYsis
> All limb bones ; ext patella

wrist & ankle bones
.




>
Roughly cube shaped " " " " " "" " " "
"




"ᵈ""
" " " "" "" " "" " " "" " " " "" " " " "

patella + sesamoid




FLAT BONES
Thin ; flat
& curved
>


>
sternum ; scapulae ;

* reouin-r.net ribs; some skull
*•

>
Complicated shapes > Endosteum / internal )
> Vertebrae ; hipbones ; some skull bones

> NO shafts
> Marrow between
trabecular




Ztypesotbonesim
1. Compact :
Dense ; smooth ; solid ( cortical outlines)
bone
formation
2.
Spongy Honeycomb
:
of flat pieces ( bony trabeculae) ; spaces filled with red or
yellow marrow

fat
Storage




%
¥
O

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E
e


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@ Rad_student ©




?⃝

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