This summary on the gross anatomy of the lower limb is done in the form of mnemonics according to the theory from Gray's Anatomy for students. These mnemonics contain theory on all structures of the lower limb including muscles, blood supply, innervation, internal structures and more. Mnemonics are...
Mnemonics – Lower Limb
Femoral triangle: contents
NAVY:
· In order from lateral to medial:
Nerve
Artery
Vein
Y of the groin
· Alternatively: Y = Y-fronts [male underwear].
Femoral triangle: boundaries
"Femoral triangle is shaped like a SAIL":
Sartorius
Aductor longus
Inguinal Ligament
Inversion vs. eversion muscles in leg
Second letter rule for inversion/eversion:
· Eversion muscles:
pErineus longus
pErineus brevis
pErineus terius
· Inversion muscles:
tIbialis anterior
tIbialis posterior
Fibula vs. tibia, based on size in the x-ray
People talk of telling just a "little white lie", or a "little white fib":
Therefore, the fibula is the littler white bone on the x-ray.
· Alternatively: TIBia is the Thicker Inner Bone.
· Alternatively: "Little lat FIB, big fat TIB".
Hip: lateral rotators
"Play Golf Or Go On Quaaludes":
· From top to bottom:
Piriformis
Gemellus superior
Obturator internus
Gemellus inferior
Obturator externus
Quadratus femoris
· Alternatively: "P-GO-GO-Q".
Tarsal bones of ankle
"Tiger Cubs Need MILC":
, Superior, then clockwise on right foot:
Talus
Calcaneus
Navicular
Medial cuneiform
Intermediate cuneiform
Lateral cuneiform
Cuboid
Thigh: lateral rotators
"Pretty Girls Often Get Off Quickly":
Piriformis
Gemellus superior
Obturator internus
Gemellus inferior
Obturator externus
Quadradus femorus
Adductor magnus innervation
"AM SO!":
Adductor Magnus innervated by Sciatic and Obturator.
Femoral hernia: epidemiology
FEMoral hernias are more common in FEMales.
Lumbar plexus
"I, I Get Laid On Fridays":
Iliohypogastric [L1]
Ilioinguinal [L1]
Genitofemoral [L1, L2]
Lateral femoral cutaneous [L2, L3]
Obtruator [L2, L3, L4]
Femoral [L2, L3, L4]
· Alternatively: "I twice Get Laid On Fridays".
· Alternatively: "Interested In Getting Laid On Fridays?"
Buttock quadrant safest for needle insertion
"Shut up and butt out":
The Upper Outer quadrant of the Buttock safely avoids hitting
sciatic nerve.
Femoral triangle: arrangement of contents
NAVEL:
· From lateral hip towards medial navel:
Nerve (directly behind sheath)
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