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INC3701 assignment 5 for 2022
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- University Of South Africa (Unisa)
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Assignment 05Name :
Surname
Module code : INC3701
Due date : 19 September 2022
Unique number : 849803
Student number :
DO NOT COPY AND PASTE. USE YOUR OWN WORDS TO AVOID PLAGIARISM.
Question 1
1.1 Clarify the difference between theory and model
- Theory is explanatory and descriptive while a model is narrow in
nature but only descriptive. A model is a way to think and interpret
events as well as objects, while a theory has scientific explanation
which is the result of experiment. A theory is aimed at a
generalized statement aimed at explaining a phenomenon. A
model, on the other hand, is a purposeful representation of reality.
A model is often used to describe an application of a theory for a
particular case.
- Theory is a scientifically studied concept that in most instances has
been researched and can be proven. Models are closely related to
theory and the difference between a theory and a model is not
always clear. A model is a more basic or scaled down version of a
theory. You can think of models as theories with a more narrowly
defined scope of explanation. Theory is used to explain things and
is less practical. Model is used to simplify things and is more
practical.
, 1.2 Critically discuss the following theories and models related to Inclusive
Education:
1.2.1 Medical Deficit theories
- The medical model assumes that a comprehensive diagnosis of
physical, neurological or biological disorders should precede
intervention in educational setting. This model is based on the
view that all learning problems are the result of some organic
disorder or disease. The assumption is that disease or organic
dysfunctions are critically important in the etiology of learning
problems and deviant behaviour. It relies heavily on the
medicalization of disability. The medical model is based on the
medicalization of disability and being within a person. Therefore,
the need for treatment must come from an external source, such
as a doctor or therapist (Shyman, 2016).
- This model of disability focuses on the child’s condition, seeing the
problem within the child, trying to find a way of treating the child
to fit in with his environment. Disability Equality in Education (DEE)
defines the medical model stating that the impairment is focused
on rather than the needs of a person. According to the medical
model the problem of disability is located within the individual, i.e.
a person is disabled due to their individual impairments and
therefore requires medical interventions to provide the person
with the skills to adapt to society. Many of those who adopt the
medical model suggest that there should be regular consultation
between medical and educational personnel on appropriate ways
of educating and caring for persons with special needs (Nola,
Purdie & Louise Ellis, 2005).
1.2.2 Social model of disability
- According to the social model, ‘disability’ is socially constructed.
The social model of disability contrasts with what is called the
medical model of disability. The social model promotes that an
individual has impairment but it is societal barriers that create the
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