In depth notes on the rules for sentence structure in Afrikaans. Provides examples and notes. Covers everything in the Afrikaans IEB syllabus for sentence structure from Grade 11 to Matric. I received an A+ for the subject in both grades
S - subject
T - time
O - object
M - manner
P - place
I - infinitive
Remember:
- verb always goes second (whatever you start with, the verb goes next)
- negative goes after verb and at end of sentence
(Die seun) (daagliks) (netjies) (sy werk) (skryf) (in sy boek) (om goed te presteer)
= Die seun skryf daagliks sy werk netjies in sy boek om goed te skryf
INFINITIEF
Om …. Te (verb)
RULES:
1. Drop helping verbs
2. If not behoort or hoef nie, add an “om” after the word.
Probeer om …. Te (verb)
Hou daarvan om …. Te (verb)
Is besig om …. Te (verb)
NB: Some Words don’t get “om” :
- Hoef nie …. Te (verb) (nie) - always negative
- Behoort …. Te (verb)
- Aan …. te (dankie) - aan + dankie pair doesn’t get om
- Laat veel …. Te (verb)
- Iets / alles / niks ect …. Te (verb)
DIFFERENT WAYS OF ASKING INFINITIEF:
1. Put sentence in infinitief
Eg. Begin met ‘Probeer’:
, Ek doen my huiswerk by my lessenaar
= Ek probeer om my huiswerk by my lessenaar te doen
2. Join two sentences with ‘om’
- Drop helping verb and subject in second sentence
- then add om (sentence 2) te (verb from sentence 2)
Eg. Join:
Ek oefen smiddae. Ek wil fiks word.
= Ek oefen smiddae om fiks te word
3. Replace Voegwoorde / conjunction
- drop conjunction and helping verbs
- ‘om’ replaces conjunction and verb goes after ‘te’
Eg. Sy werk hard sodat sy kan slaag
= sy werk hard om te slaag
VOEGWOORDE (conjunctions)
GROUP 1 GROUP 2 GROUP 3
D
Maar MEOW Daarom Dat
En Dus Nadat
Of Derhalwe starts with
[ except ‘dat’ ]
Sodat ends in DAT
Want Daarna Vandat
Voordat
Óf … óf / sowel … as / nóg … nóg Al All question words (including wat)
Trouens Anders Aangesien
Nou Alhoewel / hoewel
Gevolglik Terwyl
Tog Indien
Toe = then Toe = when
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