This document contains detailed explanations on the following relating to the IEB and DBE topic of reproduction in flowering plants, specifically:
Asexual reproduction in plants
Natural asexual reproduction types
Artificial asexual reproduction
Sexual reproduction in flowering plants
Stru...
, Reproduction in flowering plants
Asexual reproduction is production of new generation of individuals, from one parent only.
Not involve joining of gametes (sex cells), offspring genetically identical to parent.
Group of genetically identical organisms called clone.
Simple life forms, plants & lower-order animals reproduce asexually.
Fungi reproduce asexually, grow on dead/living material, reproduces through budding
Spores produced in large numbers by mitosis
Process of making spores called sporulation & produced by sporangium.
Spores small & light, survive unfavourable conditions (high temperatures & lack of water)
Asexual reproduction in plants
Aka vegetative reproduction.
Used to produce crops seldom grown from seed.
Conditions favourable, plants spread fast by vegetative propagation.
When vegetative parts: root, stem & leaves cause plant to reproduce.
This way, plants not need to produce seeds (needs time & energy).
Reproduce genetically identical plants, successful varieties of crops maintained.
Many have perennating organs, store food for unfavourable conditions (drought/cold)
When conditions favourable, use food stored produce new stems, leaves & flowers.
If perennating organ carries buds, possible to split the organ
Each part with bud use stored food to grow to new plant.
Used in horticulture & agriculture, one kind of vegetative propagation.
Natural asexual reproduction in plants
Involves outgrowths of new plantlets, mainly from stems.
Runners
Eg. Strawberry & spider plants
Produce lateral branches/stolons called runners, grow
along ground.
Adventitious roots grow from runners below ground.
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