Class notes
Human biology lecture notes
- Course
- Human Biology (HUB228)
- Institution
- University Of The Western Cape (UWC)
Lecture notes about determinants of and in blood pressure.
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B CUR II HUB228 2022Department of Medical Biosciences
University of the Western Cape
Lecture 2:
Determinants of & variations in blood
pressure:
, Overview
(1) Blood pressure definitions
(2) Cardiac output
- definitions
- regulation : intrinsic vs extrinsic mechanisms
- role of heart rate
(3) Peripheral resistance
- definitions
- contributors
(3) Physiological variations in blood pressure
(4) Pathological variations in blood pressure: hypertension vs hypotension
, Definitions
• blood pressure (BP) = lateral pressure exerted by the flow of blood on
the walls of blood vessel
- expressed in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg) e.g. a systolic blood
pressure of 120 mmHg is equal to the pressure exerted by a column of
mercury 120 mm high
- denotes the arterial pressure so if BP in another type of blood vessel is
being described, that type of vessel is also mentioned e.g. capillary
pressure & venous pressure
, Definitions
• systolic pressure = maximum
BP measured during ventricular
systole
- occurs during ventricular
ejection & is highest in the
aorta
- measures 120 mmHg in healthy
adults but ranges between 105-
135 mmHg
- undergoes considerable
fluctuation e.g. is increased
during exercise & decreased
during sleep
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