Exam (elaborations)
NUT1501 EXAM PACK 2022
- Institution
- University Of South Africa (Unisa)
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NUT1501EXAM PACK
, QUESTION 1 [26]
1.1 Identify the four categories of Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) and indicate the use of
each one. (12)
Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) (1): the average daily amount of a nutrient that will
maintain a specific biochemical or physiological function in half the healthy people (2)
Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA(1)): the average daily amount of a nutrient
considered adequate to meet the known nutrient needs of practically all healthy people; goal
for dietary intake for individuals (2)
Adequate Intake (AI) (1): the average daily amount of nutrient that appears sufficient to
maintain a specific criterion; a value used as a guide for nutrient intake when an RDA can’t be
determined (2)
Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) (1): The maximum daily amount of a nutrient that appears
safe for most healthy people and beyond which there in an increased risk of adverse health
effects (2)
1.2 Why are DRIs used to evaluate and plan a diet for healthy people only and not for
people with specific disease conditions? (1)
Page 21 SG
Certain disease conditions increase or decrease one’s macro- or micro nutrient needs.
1.3 Briefly explain the concept “AMDR”. (2)
The AMDR is a reference range to give us an idea of which percentage of the energy
each of the three energy-yielding nutrients should contribute to the total energy intake
in a healthy diet which reduces the risk of chronic diseases.
1.4 Write down the AMDR reference ranges for carbohydrates, protein and fat for adults.(3)
Energy-yielding nutrient Adult
> 18 years
Carbohydrates 45- 65%
Protein 10-35%
Fat 20-35%
1.5 Draw a diagram to illustrate the terms “malnutrition”, “undernutrition” and
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, “overnutrition”. (8)
QUESTION 2 [11]
John is 38 years old and he has a healthy body weight and no health problems. He
consumes 250 g of carbohydrates, 130 g of fat and 300 g of protein per day. Please
show all your calculations when answering the questions below.
2.1 Calculate the energy provided by each of the energy-yielding nutrients. (3)
The energy provided by each of the energy-yielding nutrients:
Nutrients Total Calculation Total energy provided
Protein (g) 300 300 g protein x 17 5100 kJ (1)
g kJ/g
Fat (g) 130 130 g fat x 38 kJ/g 4940 kJ (1)
g
Carbohydrates (CHO) 250 250 g CHO x 17 kJ/g 4250 kJ (1)
(g) g
2.2 Calculate John’s total energy intake for the day. (1)
The total energy intake for the day = 5100 kJ + 4940 kJ + 4250kJ = 14290 kJ (1)
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, 2.3 Calculate the percentage of energy each of the energy-yielding nutrients contributes
to the total energy intake per day. (3)
Nutrients Total energy Calculations Percentage of
provided total energy
Protein (g) 5100kJ 5100kJ 14290 kJ 36% (1)
x 100 =
Fat (g) 4940 kJ 4940 kJ 14290 kJ 35% (1)
x 100 =
Carbohydrates 4250kJ 4250kJ 14290 kJ 30% (1)
(CHO) (g) x 100 =
2.4 Compare John’s intake with the AMDR and comment whether or not his macronutrient
distribution is acceptable. (4)
John’s carbohydrate intake is lower than the AMDR of 45-65% (1)
John’s fat intake is within the AMDR of 20-35% (1)
John’s protein intake is higher than the AMDR range of 10-35 % (1)
Therefore his macronutrient distribution is inadequate and dietary adjustment is
necessary (1)
QUESTION 3 S1 [14] S2 [12]
3.1 Define the following terms:
3.1.1 Nutrient-density. (2)
A measure of the nutrients a food provides relative to the energy it provides.
3.1.2 Energy-density. (2)
A measure of the energy a food provides relative to the amount of food
3.1.3 Empty-kcalorie foods. (2)
Food that contribute to energy but lack protein, vitamins and minerals
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