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Test Bank - Becker's World of the Cell, 9th Edition (Hardin, 2016) Chapter 1-26 | All Chapters
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TEST BANKBecker's World of the Cell
Jeff Hardin & Gregory Bertoni
9th Edition Table of Contents
Chapter 1 A Preview of Cell Biology 1
Chapter 2 The Chemistry of the Cell 26
Chapter 3 The Macromolecules of the Cell 51
Chapter 4 Cells and Organelles 72
Chapter 5 Bioenergetics: The Flow of Energy in the Cell 93
Chapter 6 Enzymes: The Catalysts of Life 117
Chapter 7 Membranes: Their Structure, Function, and Chemistry 140
Chapter 8 Transport Across Membranes: Overcoming the Permeability Barrier 163
Chapter 9 Chemotrophic Energy Metabolism: Glycolysis and Fermentation 187
Chapter 10 Chemotrophic Energy Metabolism: Aerobic Respiration 208
Chapter 11 Phototrophic Energy Metabolism: Photosynthesis 231
Chapter 12 The Endomembrane System 255
Chapter 13 Cytoskeletal Systems 275
Chapter 14 Cellular Movement: Motility and Contractility 297
Chapter 15 Beyond the Cell: Cell Adhesions, Cell Junctions, and Extracellular Structures 322
Chapter 16 The Structural Basis of Cellular Information: DNA, Chromosomes, and the Nucleus 346
Chapter 17 DNA Replication, Repair, and Recombination 365
Chapter 18 Gene Expression: I. The Genetic Code and Transcription 384
Chapter 19 Gene Expression: II. Protein Synthesis and Sorting 403
Chapter 20 The Regulation of Gene Expression 424
Chapter 21 Molecular Biology Techniques for Cell Biology 445
Chapter 22 Signal Transduction Mechanisms: I. Electrical and Synaptic Signaling in Neurons 469
Chapter 23 Signal Transduction Mechanisms: II. Messengers and Receptors 490
Chapter 24 The Cell Cycle and Mitosis 515
Chapter 25 Sexual Reproduction, Meiosis, and Genetic Recombination 539
Chapter 26 Cancer Cells 561 TBSM.WS@YAHOO.COMWWW.TBSM.WSChapter 1 A Preview of Cell Biology
1.1Multiple -Choice Questions
1)Robert Hooke coined the term cell when studying thin slices of cork. These ________ were the first
cells observed because ________.
A) dead plant cells; the thick cells walls did not require high resolution or magnification to view
B) dead animal cells; they were immobile and did not need to be fixed before viewing
C) compartments; they were actually the result of multiple cells that had merged and died to form
large compartments that were easy to view
D) immune cells; they produce antibodies that embed in the cell membrane to make it visible
E)"little rooms"; they were 100 nm in diameter, much larger than most plant cells
Answer: A
Chapter Section: 1.1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
Learning Outcome: 1.1
Global LO: G1
2)The Latin phrase omnis cellula e cellula refers to a cellular principle. Which of the following
statements is the best interpretation of this phrase?
A) Tissues are composed of similar cells.
B) Cells generally are found in clusters.
C) All cells arise only from preexisting cells.
D) Organs are composed of tissues and cells.
E)The cell is the basic unit of structure.
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
Learning Outcome: 1.1
Global LO: G7
3)________ improved the original light microscope in the late 1600s, allowing the visualization of
________.
A) Theodor Schwann; the internal structures of cells, such as ribosomes, nuclei, and golgi bodies
B) Robert Hooke; bacteria and viruses
C) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek; sperm cells, bacteria, algae, and other protists
D) Robert Brown; cell structures using fluorescent antibodies
E)Rudolf Virchow; collagen and muscle cells
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G1______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________Test Bank - Becker's World of the Cell, 9th Edition (Hardin, 2016)
1 | P a g e TBSM.WS@YAHOO.COMWWW.TBSM.WS4)Which organelle stores most of the DNA in plant and animal cells?
A) Golgi complex
B) mitochondrion
C) chloroplast
D) nucleus
E)lysosome
Answer: D
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G1
5)Which of the following statements is false?
A) All organisms consist of one or more cells.
B) All cells arise from preexisting cells.
C) The cell is the basic unit of structure for all organisms.
D) All cells have a membrane-bound nucleus.
E)Cells come in a wide variety of sizes and shapes.
Answer: D
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Analysis
Learning Outcome: 1.1
Global LO: G7
6)Which of the following is true of a nanometer?
A) A nanometer is about the size of a common bacterial cell.
B) A nanometer is one millionth of a meter.
C) A nanometer is equivalent to 10 Angstroms (Å).
D) The nanometer is the most common measurement used in measuring whole cells.
E)None of the above.
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G4______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________Test Bank - Becker's World of the Cell, 9th Edition (Hardin, 2016)
2 | P a g e TBSM.WS@YAHOO.COMWWW.TBSM.WS7)Which of the following is closest to a micrometer in size?
A) the width of a strand of DNA
B) the length of a plant cell
C) the length of a chicken egg
D) a typical prokaryotic cell
E)the size of a ribosome
Answer: D
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Application
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G4
8)Cell biology emerged from which of the following fields of biology?
A) biochemistry
B) cytology
C) genetics
D) biochemistry, cytology, and genetics
E)cytology and biochemistry
Answer: D
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
Learning Outcome: 1.1
Global LO: G1
9)Which of the following is smallest?
A) ribosome
B) virus
C) protein
D) mitochondrion
E)prokaryote
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Application
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G4______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________Test Bank - Becker's World of the Cell, 9th Edition (Hardin, 2016)
3 | P a g e TBSM.WS@YAHOO.COMWWW.TBSM.WS10)Early microscopes did not allow clear visualization of cells because they were limited by
A) magnification.
B) number of kernels.
C) resolution.
D) refraction.
E)both magnification and resolution.
Answer: E
Chapter Section: 1.1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G4
11)You are working on a project that involves the direct observation of DNA molecules. The microscope
that would give you the best information at this time would be the
A) light microscope.
B) phase-contrast microscope.
C) transmission electron microscope.
D) digital video microscope.
E)fluorescent microscope.
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Analysis
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G4
12)The limit of resolution can best be defined as
A) the distance that an object must be moved to be distinguished from its background.
B) the inverse of the wavelength of light; it is greatest for black light.
C) the distance that two objects must be apart to be distinguished as separate objects.
D) the solvent that must be available to remix a solution.
E)the magnification power of a microscope.
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G4______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________Test Bank - Becker's World of the Cell, 9th Edition (Hardin, 2016)
4 | P a g e TBSM.WS@YAHOO.COMWWW.TBSM.WS13)How does brightfield microscopy allow images to be visualized?
A) Specimens are illuminated with white light.
B) Electrons strike the specimen being examined.
C) Specimens are fixed and have bright fluorescent molecules attached to them.
D) Specimens are illuminated with blue light to visualize internal features of cells smaller than 100
nm.
E)Specimens are viewed under phased light to improve magnification.
Answer: A
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G7
14)Which of the following is an application of immunofluorescence microscopy?
A) Visualization of the natural fluorescence of a specimen under UV light.
B) Identification of specific components of the immune system.
C) Identifying which organelle or cellular compartment contains a particular protein.
D) Visualization of the surface structures of a specimen.
E)Construction of three-dimensional images of structures smaller than 10 nm.
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Application
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G1
15)Which type of microscopy enhances and amplifies slight changes in the phase of transmitted light?
A) differential interference contrast microscopy
B) digital video microscopy
C) fluorescence microscopy
D) phase-contrast microscopy
E)both differential interference contrast microscopy and phase-contrast microscopy
Answer: E
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G1______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________Test Bank - Becker's World of the Cell, 9th Edition (Hardin, 2016)
5 | P a g e TBSM.WS@YAHOO.COMWWW.TBSM.WS16)Which type of microscopy has the greatest resolving power?
A) electron microscopy
B) phase-contrast microscopy
C) fluorescence microscopy
D) digital video microscopy
E)confocal scanning microscopy
Answer: A
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G4
17)Which of the following can only be viewed by electron microscopy?
A) frog eggs
B) DNA
C) nuclei
D) mitochondria
E)prokaryotes
Answer: B
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G4
18)Which of the following types of light microscopy improves the resolution of thick specimens by
illuminating one plane of the specimen at a time?
A) fluorescence microscopy
B) phase-contrast microscopy
C) confocal microscopy
D) differential interference contrast microscopy
E)brightfield microscopy
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G4______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________Test Bank - Becker's World of the Cell, 9th Edition (Hardin, 2016)
6 | P a g e
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