Flashcards that summarize exactly what you need to know about Strand 2: the Human Endocrine System according to the SAGS document. These flashcards will ensure you understand the content well and will be beneficial for your preparation for any test, assessment or exam.
The Human Endocrine System
What is chemical co-ordination? A hormone?
A target organ/tissue? Endocrine gland?
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Chemical Co-ordination - a slow, prolonged process of communicating information throughout the body through the use of hormones.
Hormone: an organic chemical substance thats secreted by an endocrine gland and carried in the bloodstream to its
organ/s where it regulates metabolic reactions
Target organ/tissue- specific cells that have receptor sites that respond to the corresponding hormone.
Endocrine gland- a vascular (richly supplied with blood vessels), ductless gland that secretes hormones which are carried in the bloodstream to their target organs
,front
The Human Endocrine System
What is the difference bet ween endo and
exocrine glands?
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Exocrine: secretions of the gland are carried in the ducts to where they are needed (salivary glands/liver/pancreas)
(Has ducts)
Endocrine: don’t have ducts + secretions are carried in the bloodstream to their target organs (faster)
(Ductless) e.g. adrenal gland
, front
The Human Endocrine System
What is the location of the hypothalamus
and the role of ADH in body functions?
back
A part of the brain, above the pituitary gland
The Hypothalamus secretes ADH: anti-diuretic hormone
The role of ADH:
Osmoreceptors in blood vessels of the hypothalamus detect an increase in osmolarity (low water levels) in the blood. Hypothalamus responds and releases ADH.
ADH conserves water by causing more water to be reabsorbed back into the blood in the kidney. Helps if the body is dehydrated. Less water is lost in urine.
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