This aesthetic, in-depth, neatly typed document summarises 4.4 & 4.5 of strand 4 (Evolution) of the IEB grade 12 mind action series textbook: Hominid studies & Evolution in present times. It includes the full 4.4 & 4.5 syllabus as well as additional class notes, own research notes and all relevant ...
~ Bow-shaped spine (c-curved) ~ Longer femurs, set further apart at hips (slanted)
~ Feet have strong heel, convergent big toe
~ S-curved spine
- Brain differences:
~ Human brain: 1400 cc
~ Chimp brain; 395 cc
~ Human hands have more dexterity
~ Humans used and controlled fire
~ Humans used developed language
- Skull differences:
~ Humans don't have brow ridge
~ Foramen magnum is located under human skull, unlike ape skulls where it is at the rear (cause
of bipedalism in humans)
~ Humans have large brain case, small jaw. Apes have the opposite
~ Humans have small canine teeth. Apes have large and pointed canines & diastema (space for
canines to overlap other teeth)
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