Summary
Samenvatting inleiding tot het recht, 1ste jaar sociaal werk (geslaagd in 1ste zit)
- Course
- Institution
Goede gestructureerde samenvatting, met voorbeelden.
[Show more]
3 reviews
By: elinebulcke • 6 days ago
By: jaimysmet94 • 10 months ago
By: maxinebiermans • 10 months ago
Seller
Followedenteugels
Reviews received
Content preview
INHOUDH1 - Wat is recht? -.................................................................................................................................................. 4
1. Kenmerken en definitie van het recht ........................................................................................................... 4
Kenmerken van het recht ................................................................................................................................ 4
Het recht heeft als doel de samenleving te ordenen .......................................................................................... 4
Het recht wordt opgelegd door de samenleving ................................................................................................ 4
Rechtsregels zijn afdwingbaar............................................................................................................................. 5
Soorten regels ..................................................................................................................................................... 5
Definitie recht ..................................................................................................................................................... 5
Objectief recht vs subjectieve rechten ............................................................................................................... 6
Rechtssubject vs rechtsobject ............................................................................................................................. 6
Rechtsmisbruik .................................................................................................................................................... 6
2. soorten subjectieve rechten .......................................................................................................................... 7
Politieke rechten ................................................................................................................................................. 7
Burgerlijke rechten .............................................................................................................................................. 7
Schematisch ........................................................................................................................................................ 8
3. Deelgebieden van het recht ........................................................................................................................... 8
Nationaal privaatrecht ........................................................................................................................................ 8
Soorten nationaal privaatrecht ....................................................................................................................... 9
Nationaal publiekrecht ........................................................................................................................................ 9
Soorten nationaal publiek recht...................................................................................................................... 9
Internationaal privaatrecht ............................................................................................................................... 10
Internationaal publiekrecht of volkenrecht ...................................................................................................... 10
Europees recht .................................................................................................................................................. 10
4. Bronnen van het recht.................................................................................................................................. 11
Internationale rechtsbronnen ....................................................................................................................... 11
Belgische wetgeving .......................................................................................................................................... 11
Hiërarchie binnen de wetgeving ................................................................................................................... 11
H2 - de Belgische staatstructuur - ......................................................................................................................... 12
1. Kenmerken van de Belgische staat .............................................................................................................. 12
1.1 Rechtsstaat .................................................................................................................................................. 12
1.2 Democratie .................................................................................................................................................. 12
1.3 Scheiding der machten ................................................................................................................................ 12
1.4 Eenheidsstaat en federalisering .................................................................................................................. 13
1.5 Monarchie ................................................................................................................................................... 13
2. Politieke instellingen in federaal België....................................................................................................... 13
1
, 2.1 De federale overheid ............................................................................................................................... 13
2.2 Gemeenschappen en gewesten .............................................................................................................. 16
2.3 Provincies ................................................................................................................................................ 17
2.4 Gemeenten ............................................................................................................................................. 17
3. Controlerende instellingen ........................................................................................................................... 18
3.1 Raad van staten ....................................................................................................................................... 18
3.2 Grondwettelijk hof .................................................................................................................................. 18
4. Rechtsbronnen – wetgeving.......................................................................................................................... 19
H3 – Justitie – ........................................................................................................................................................ 20
1. Kenmerken van Justitie ................................................................................................................................ 20
1.1 Toegang tot de rechter............................................................................................................................ 20
1.2 Actoren van justitie ................................................................................................................................. 21
1.3 Organisatie van Justitie ........................................................................................................................... 23
2. De gewone hoven en rechtbanken .............................................................................................................. 24
2.1 Vrederechter ........................................................................................................................................... 25
2.2 Politierechtbank ...................................................................................................................................... 25
2.3 Rechtbank van eerste aanleg .................................................................................................................. 25
2.4 Ondernemingsrechtbank ........................................................................................................................ 26
2.5 Arbeidsrechtbank .................................................................................................................................... 26
2.6 Hof van assisen ........................................................................................................................................ 26
2.7 Hof van beroep ........................................................................................................................................ 26
2.8 Arbeidshof ............................................................................................................................................... 26
2.9 Hof van Cassatie ...................................................................................................................................... 27
Strafuitvoeringsrechtbank............................................................................................................................. 27
3. Administratieve en tuchtrechtelijke rechtscolleges .................................................................................... 27
4. De burgerlijke procedure ............................................................................................................................. 27
4.1 Alternatieve geschillenbeslechting adr ................................................................................................... 27
4.2 Verloop van een burgerlijke procedure .................................................................................................. 29
4.3 Uitvoering van een vonnis ....................................................................................................................... 31
4.4 Beslissingen aanvechten via ‘rechtsmiddelen’ ........................................................................................ 31
5. De strafprocedure......................................................................................................................................... 32
5.1 Rol van het openbaar ministerie ............................................................................................................. 32
5.2 Afsluiten Onderzoek ................................................................................................................................ 33
5.3 strafuitvoering ......................................................................................................................................... 33
5.5 Samenloop van strafvordering en burgerlijke vordering ........................................................................ 34
5.6 Rechtshulp ............................................................................................................................................... 34
H4 – Burgerlijk recht –........................................................................................................................................... 34
2
,1. Rechtshandelingen ....................................................................................................................................... 34
1.1 RECHTSHANDELING VS. RECHTSFEIT ....................................................................................................... 34
1.2 Geldigheid van rechtshandelingen .......................................................................................................... 35
1.3 Nietigheid van rechtshandelingen .......................................................................................................... 37
2. Personen ....................................................................................................................................................... 38
2.1 Soorten personen .................................................................................................................................... 38
2.2 Natuurlijke persoon ................................................................................................................................ 38
2.3 Rechtspersonen....................................................................................................................................... 39
3. Verbintenissen/overeenkomsten/onrechtmatige daad ............................................................................. 40
3.1 Soorten verbintenissen ........................................................................................................................... 40
3.2 Bronnen van verbintenissen ................................................................................................................... 42
3.3 Tenietgaan van verbintenissen ............................................................................................................... 43
4. Overeenkomsten .......................................................................................................................................... 43
4.1 Inleiding ................................................................................................................................................... 43
4.2 Soorten overeenkomsten ........................................................................................................................ 43
4.3 Totstandkoming van overeenkomsten ................................................................................................... 44
4.4 Interpretatie van overeenkomsten ......................................................................................................... 44
4.5 Gevolgen ................................................................................................................................................. 44
4.6 Tenietgaan van overeenkomsten ............................................................................................................ 44
5. Onrechtmatige daad ..................................................................................................................................... 45
5.1 foutaansprakelijkheid .............................................................................................................................. 45
5.2 Aansprakelijkheid voor de eigen fout ..................................................................................................... 45
5.3 Aanspraakelijkheid voor andermans fout ............................................................................................... 46
6. Bewijs ............................................................................................................................................................ 47
6.1 Bewijslast ................................................................................................................................................ 47
6.2 Bewijsmiddelen ....................................................................................................................................... 48
3
, RECHT VERKENNEN
H1 - WAT IS RECHT? -
1. KENMERKEN EN DEFINITIE VAN HET RECHT
KENMERKEN VAN HET RECHT
• REGELS
Bv. Rechten & Plichten
Je hebt recht op een leefloon (onder bepaalde voorwaarden), en je hebt dan de plicht actief naar werk
te zoeken
Bv. = wat je moet doen (gebodsregels) bv. Respecteer je ouders
= wat je niet mag doen (verbodsregels) bv. Gij zult niet doden
Regel wordt rechtsregel - Wanneer opgesteld / bekrachtigd door samenleving
HET RECHT HEEFT ALS DOEL DE SAMENLEVING TE ORDENEN
(over)leven en handelen als mensen binnen een samenleving (een groep)
veronderstelt regels:
- over wie wat mag doen, met welke
middelen
- (goederen, geld, rechten)
- over gedrag dat aanvaard wordt, en
wat niet
- ...
HET RECHT WORDT OPGELEGD DOOR DE SAMENLEVING
Samenleven leidt tot conflicten
• Conflicten vergen oplossingen, en dus regels
• Via ‘wetgever’, en dus met akkoord van de samenleving (van ons)
Samenleving is continu in verandering:
• wetgeving is een dynamisch gegeven
• Kan je voorbeelden geven?
• Recht is nooit af!
Hoe beslist de samenleving hierover?
❖ Rechtstreekse democratie (directe democratie)
Via het referendum
❖ Vertegenwoordigende democratie (indirecte democratie)
Via vertegenwoordigers van het volk
Regel wordt rechtsregel wanneer opgesteld / bekrachtigd door politieke autoriteit (bv?)
4
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through EFT, credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying this summary from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller edenteugels. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy this summary for R125,15. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
75323 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy summaries for 14 years now