WGU - Introduction to Psychology - C180. Exam Review, Full Coverage. Verified.
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WGU C180
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WGU C180
WGU - Introduction to Psychology - C180. Exam Review, Full Coverage. Verified.
Research Hypothesis - -A precise statement of the presumed relationship among specific parts of a theory; A specific and falsifiable prediction about the relationship between or among two or more variables.
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WGU - Introduction to Psychology -
C180. Exam Review, Full Coverage.
Verified.
Research Hypothesis - ✔✔-A precise statement of the presumed relationship among specific parts of a
theory; A specific and falsifiable prediction about the relationship between or among two or more
variables.
Theory - ✔✔-An integrated set of principles that explains and predicts many, but not all, observed
relationships within a given domain of inquiry.
Steps to construct a hypothesis - ✔✔-Step 1: A real life problem or phenomenon is observed
Step 2: Theory: An organized system of assumptions that seeks to explain the phenomena or real life
problem.
Step 3: Hypothesis: A statement that attempts to predict or account for a phenomena by specifying a
relationship between, or among, variables
Characteristics of Ethical Research - ✔✔-1. Trust and positive rapport are created between the
researcher and the participant.
2. The rights of both the experimenter and participant are considered, and the relationship between
them is mutually beneficial.
3. The experimenter treats the participant with concern and respect, and attempts to make the research
experience a pleasant and informative one.
4. Before the research begins, the participant is given all information relevant to his or her decision to
participate, including any possibilities of physical danger or psychological stress.
5. The participant is given a chance to have questions about the procedure answered, thus guaranteeing
his or her free choice about participating.
,6. After the experiment is over, any deception that has been used is made public, and the necessity for it
is explained.
7. The experimenter carefully debriefs the participant, explaining the underlying research hypothesis
and the purpose of the experimental procedure in detail and answering any questions.
8. The experimenter provides information about how he or she can be contacted and offers to provide
information about the results of the research if the participant is interested in receiving it (Stangor,
2011, p.#).
Independent Variable - ✔✔-The causing variable that is created (manipulated) by the experimenter
Dependent Variable - ✔✔-The measured variable that is expected to be influenced by the experimental
manipulation
Population - ✔✔-All the people the researcher wishes to know about
Sample - ✔✔-The people chosen to participate in the research study
Descriptive Research - ✔✔-Research designed to provide a snapshot of the current state of affairs.
Correlational Research - ✔✔-Research designed to discover relationships among variables and to allow
the prediction of future events from present knowledge.
Experimental Research - ✔✔-Research in which there is a random assignment of research participants
into two groups. This is followed by a manipulation of a given experience for one group while the other
is not manipulated. One group is the experimental group that receives the manipulation. The other
group is the control group that does not. The two groups are then compared to determine the influence
of the manipulation.
Major elements of a psychological experiment - ✔✔-Scientific Method:
First, Observe a problem, then:
1. Form a hypothesis
2. Conduct research
3. Analyze data
4. Interpret data
,5. Publish results
Biological Foundations - ✔✔-The study of the brain systems and sensory processes are an example of
what theme?
Potential and Dysfunction - ✔✔-Mental health psychologists are most likely to be concerned with which
topic?
Mental Health - ✔✔-A counseling psychologist is most likely to be working in which general area?
Basic Research to Applied Psychology - ✔✔-A psychologist has been working in a university for 15 years
and has an opportunity to work with a technology company that is just getting popular. She decides to
go for the money and work for the company. She has moved from:
Neurotransmitter - ✔✔-A chemical that relays signals across the synapses between neurons.
Neuron - ✔✔-Contains three parts: Soma, Dendrite, and Axon
Soma - ✔✔-A cell body which contains the nucleus of the cell and keeps the cell alive.
Dendrite - ✔✔-A branching, tree-like fiber which collects information from other cells and sends the
information to the soma.
Axon - ✔✔-A segmented fiber which transmits information away from the cell body toward other
neurons or the muscles and glands.
Terminal Button - ✔✔-Located at the end of an axon; Releases chemicals called neurotransmitters.
Myelin Sheath - ✔✔-A layer of fatty tissue surrounding the axon of a neuron that both acts as an
insulator and allows faster transmission of the electrical signal.
Cerebellum - ✔✔-"Little brain"; Functions to coordinate voluntary movement.
Hypothalamus - ✔✔-Brain stem; Limbic system; helps regulate body temperature, hunger, thirst, and
sex drive; responds to the satisfaction of these needs by creating feelings of pleasure.
, Thalamus - ✔✔-Egg shaped structure just above the brain stem that filters sensory information coming
from the spinal cord and through the reticular formation; relays some remaining signals to the higher
brain levels. Aids in sleeping and cuts off incoming sense signals.
Corpus Callosum - ✔✔-Connects the two hemispheres of the brain.
Hippocampus - ✔✔-Two "horns" that curve back from the amygdala; responsible for storing information
in long-term memory.
Frontal Lobe - ✔✔-Behind the forehead; Responsible for thinking, planning, memory, and judgment.
Parietal Lobe - ✔✔-Located in the middle to the back of the skull; responsible for processing information
about touch.
Temporal Lobe - ✔✔-Located between the ears and in front of the occipital lobe; responsible for hearing
and language
Occipital Lobe - ✔✔-Located in the back of the skull; Responsible for processing visual information
Pancreas - ✔✔-Located between the kidneys; regulates blood glucose and insulin
Testes - ✔✔-Secretes male sex hormones
Ovaries - ✔✔-Secretes female sex hormones
Pituitary Gland - ✔✔-A pea-sized gland in the brain; Responsible for controlling growth, regulation of
behavior, signaling testes and ovaries; Also known as the "Master Gland"
Perception - ✔✔-The process of organization and interpretation using both genetically transmitted
knowledge and knowledge derived from experience to organize and interpret incoming sensory
information.
Sensation - ✔✔-Awareness resulting from the stimulation of a sense organ
Absolute Threshold - ✔✔-The intensity of a stimulus that allows an organism to detect it at least 50% of
the time.
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