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Summary Physics 2022 SAGS definitions

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Physics definitions as according to IEB 2022 Physical Science SAGS. Written on in Paper 1 final exam.

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  • March 15, 2023
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PHYSICS 2022 SAGS DEFINITIONS
NEWTON’S LAWS, MOMENTUM, IMPULSE
TERM DEFINITION
Newton’s First Law of Motion An object continues in a state of rest or uniform motion unless
acted upon by a resultant force.
Newton’s Second Law of Motion When a net force acts on an object of mass m, the object
accelerates in the direction of the net force. The acceleration
is directly proportional to the net force and inversely
proportional to the mass of the object. The net force acting on
an object is equal to the rate of change of momentum.
Newton’s Third Law of Motion When object A exerts a force on object B, object B
simultaneously exerts an oppositely directed force of equal
magnitude on object A.
Inertia Property of an object causing it to resist a change in motion.
Equilibrium No net or resultant force acting on the system.
All forces in equilibrium.
Dynamic: constant velocity.
Static: Rest.
Linear Momentum (kg.m.s-1) The product of the mass and the velocity of an object.

Law of conservation of Linear Total momentum of an isolated system remains constant.
Momentum
Isolated System System where net external force working on the system is
zero
Newton’s 2nd Law in terms of Fnet acting on an object is equal to the rate of change of
momentum momentum.
Impulse (N.s) Product of the net force and the contact time.
Magnetic Force Force exerted on a ferromagnetic material due to the
presence of a magnet.
Electrostatic Force Force exerted on an object due to the presence of a charged
object.
Gravitational Force Force existing between to objects with mass.
Applied Force Force applied on an object by a person or another object.
Weight The gravitational force that the earth exerts on any object on
or near its surface.
Normal Force The perpendicular force exerted by a surface on an object in
contact with it. Supporting force.
Tension Force Force exerted when a cable or rope is pulled in more than one
direction
Frictional force The force that opposes the motion of an object and acts
parallel to the surface with which the object is in contact.
Static Friction The force counteracting the tendency of movement of a
stationary object.
Kinetic Friction The force counteracting the tendency of movement of a
moving object.

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