The summary of class notes + textbook for the human anatomy. In-depth description of the bones, muscles, fascias, and organs of the body with related clinical cases of the musculoskeletal system
Lower Limb: Gluteal Region +
Thigh
Pelvic Girdle
2 Hip Bone + Sacrum ⇒
Forms a
complete ring of bones
The inner aspect forms a cavity
for organs (above the dotted
lines)
The dotted lines are for
urinary bladder, rectum..
The Hip Bones transmit weight from
the spine to the femur of the thigh
Shown by the solid arrows
Hip Bone: External View
3 parts:
Ilium
Ischium
Pubis
The three parts meet at the
acetabulum
A cup-like depression
Site for the femur
Have a acetabular notch at the
lower margin
Obturator Foramen
Right below the acetabulum
Lower Limb: Gluteal Region + Thigh 1
, The top of the hipbone is the Ilium
Form the Iliac crest which is a
thick upper border
Two pairs of spines (left arrows)
Anterior superior +
inferior spines
Posterior superior + inferior
spines
Two notches (right arrows)
Greater+ Lesser sciatic
notches
Ischium
Body, Ischial spine
Ischial Tuberosity
When we sit on a chair we
sit on this tubercle
Ischial Ramus
Pubis
Squarish Body
Superior + Inferior ramus
Ischiopubic ramus
Ischial ramus + Inferior pubic
ramus
Hip Bone: Internal View
There is a depression in the upper
Lower Limb: Gluteal Region + Thigh 2
, ilium
⇒ Iliac fossa
Above the oblique line
Gives attachment to iliacus
mucles
Ligaments and Foramina
Sacrotuberous ligament
Thick and large ligament
Connect the sacrum to the
ischial tuberosity ⇒
sacrotuberous
Sacrospinous ligament
Smaller and deeper ligament
Connect the lower sacrum to
the ischial spine ⇒
sacrospinous
Together these ligaments convert
the sciatic notches into foramina
Greater foramina
Lesser foramina
Lower Limb: Gluteal Region + Thigh 3
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