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Summary Atoms_Molecules_and_Ions
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- Introduction to chemistry
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- University Of South Africa (Unisa)
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Full file at https://testbankuniv.eu/Chemistry-The-Central-Science-13th-Edition-Brown-Test-BankChemistry: The Central Science, 13e (Brown et al.)
Chapter 2 Atoms, Molecules, and Ions
2.1 Multiple-Choice Questions
1) A molecule of water contains hydrogen and oxygen in a 1:8 ratio by mass. This is a statement of
________.
A) the law of multiple proportions
B) the law of constant composition
C) the law of conservation of mass
D) the law of conservation of energy
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.1
LO: 2.1
GO: G2
2) Which one of the following is not one of the postulates of Dalton's atomic theory?
A) Atoms are composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
B) All atoms of a given element are identical; the atoms of different elements are different and have
different properties.
C) Atoms of an element are not changed into different types of atoms by chemical reactions: atoms are
neither created nor destroyed in chemical reactions.
D) Compounds are formed when atoms of more than one element combine; a given compound always
has the same relative number and kind of atoms.
E) Each element is composed of extremely small particles called atoms.
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.1
LO: 2.1
GO: G2
3) Consider the following selected postulates of Dalton's atomic theory:
(i) Each element is composed of extremely small particles called atoms.
(ii) Atoms are indivisible.
(iii) Atoms of a given element are identical.
(iv) Atoms of different elements are different and have different properties.
Which of the postulates is(are) no longer considered valid?
A) (i) and (ii)
B) (ii) only
C) (ii) and (iii)
D) (iii) only
E) (iii) and (iv)
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.1
LO: 2.1
GO: G2
1
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Full file at https://testbankuniv.eu/Chemistry-The-Central-Science-13th-Edition-Brown-Test-Bank
,Full file at https://testbankuniv.eu/Chemistry-The-Central-Science-13th-Edition-Brown-Test-Bank
4) Which pair of substances could be used to illustrate the law of multiple proportions?
A) SO2, H2SO4
B) CO, CO2
C) H2O, O2
D) CH4, C6H12O6
E) NaCl, KCl
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.1
LO: 2.1
GO: G2
5) Which statement below correctly describes the responses of alpha, beta, and gamma radiation to an
electric field?
A) Both beta and gamma are deflected in the same direction, while alpha shows no response.
B) Both alpha and gamma are deflected in the same direction, while beta shows no response.
C) Both alpha and beta are deflected in the same direction, while gamma shows no response.
D) Alpha and beta are deflected in opposite directions, while gamma shows no response.
E) Only alpha is deflected, while beta and gamma show no response.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.2
LO: 2.2
GO: G2
6) Which one of the following is not true concerning cathode rays?
A) They originate from the negative electrode.
B) They travel in straight lines in the absence of electric or magnetic fields.
C) They impart a negative charge to metals exposed to them.
D) They are made up of electrons.
E) The characteristics of cathode rays depend on the material from which they are emitted.
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.2
LO: 2.2
GO: G2
7) The charge on an electron was determined in the ________.
A) cathode ray tube, by J. J. Thomson
B) Rutherford gold foil experiment
C) Millikan oil drop experiment
D) Dalton atomic theory
E) atomic theory of matter
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.2
LO: 2.2
GO: G2
2
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Full file at https://testbankuniv.eu/Chemistry-The-Central-Science-13th-Edition-Brown-Test-Bank
,Full file at https://testbankuniv.eu/Chemistry-The-Central-Science-13th-Edition-Brown-Test-Bank
8) ________-rays consist of fast-moving electrons.
A) Alpha
B) Beta
C) Gamma
D) X
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.2
LO: 2.2
GO: G2
9) The gold foil experiment performed in Rutherford's lab ________.
A) confirmed the plum-pudding model of the atom
B) led to the discovery of the atomic nucleus
C) was the basis for Thomson's model of the atom
D) utilized the deflection of beta particles by gold foil
E) proved the law of multiple proportions
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.2
LO: 2.2
GO: G2
10) In the Rutherford nuclear-atom model, ________.
A) the heavy subatomic particles, protons and neutrons, reside in the nucleus
B) the three principal subatomic particles (protons, neutrons, and electrons) all have essentially the same
mass
C) the light subatomic particles, protons and neutrons, reside in the nucleus
D) mass is spread essentially uniformly throughout the atom
E) the three principal subatomic particles (protons, neutrons, and electrons) all have essentially the same
mass and mass is spread essentially uniformly throughout the atom
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.2
LO: 2.2
GO: G2
11) Cathode rays are ________.
A) neutrons
B) X-rays
C) electrons
D) protons
E) atoms
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.2
LO: 2.2
GO: G2
3
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Full file at https://testbankuniv.eu/Chemistry-The-Central-Science-13th-Edition-Brown-Test-Bank
, Full file at https://testbankuniv.eu/Chemistry-The-Central-Science-13th-Edition-Brown-Test-Bank
12) Cathode rays are deflected away from a negatively charged plate because ________.
A) they are not particles
B) they are positively charged particles
C) they are neutral particles
D) they are negatively charged particles
E) they are emitted by all matter
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.2
LO: 2.2
GO: G2
13) In the absence of magnetic or electric fields, cathode rays ________.
A) do not exist
B) travel in straight lines
C) cannot be detected
D) become positively charged
E) bend toward a light source
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.2
LO: 2.2
GO: G2
14) Of the three types of radioactivity characterized by Rutherford, which is/are electrically charged?
A) -rays
B) -rays and -rays
C) -rays, -rays, and -rays
D) -rays
E) -rays and -rays
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.2
LO: 2.2
GO: G2
15) Of the three types of radioactivity characterized by Rutherford, which is/are not electrically charged?
A) -rays
B) -rays, -rays, and -rays
C) -rays
D) -rays and -rays
E) -rays and -rays
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.2
LO: 2.2
GO: G2
4
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Full file at https://testbankuniv.eu/Chemistry-The-Central-Science-13th-Edition-Brown-Test-Bank
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