Exam (elaborations)
IOP3702 EXAM PACK 2023
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- University Of South Africa
IOP3702 EXAM PACK 2023
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IOP3702 EXAMPACK 2023
QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
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CHAPTER 1 IOP3702 EXAM PREPARATION
QUESTION 3
The mission of the Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA) is to
protect the public and to guide professionals. However, human resource
management (HRM) and industrial and organisational psychology (IOP) differ
in many ways. Discuss these statements in terms of the following headings:
Description of the type of work. (2)
Description of the roles. (2)
Description of the responsibilities. (2)
Description of the main focus in the organisation. (2)
Qualification and registration categories and requirements (HRM and all
the categories of IOP) (4)
Overlap between these two fields. (3)
Learning unit 1 in the Module online (MO) document (Chapter 5 in the text
book)
Description of the type of work, roles and responsibilities is discussed in the
following table:
IO Psychology HR
Type of work Scientific study of people Distinctive approach to
within their work environment employment management –
– including application of competitive advantage through
psychological principles, strategic development of highly
theory and research. committed and capable workforce
Distinctive – personnel techniques. Workplace
level – interaction between staff
and supervisors.
Roles 1. To conduct research – Management of human and social
increase knowledge and capital – employment relationship.
understanding of human
behaviour. 2. To apply
knowledge to improve work
behaviour, work environment
and psychological conditions
of workers
Responsibilities Scientific observation Attraction, screening, selection,
(investigation, retention, utilisation, motivation,
research) training, development, appraisal,
Evaluation rewarding and discipline.
(assessment,
evaluation or
appraisal,
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measurement,
problemidentification)
Optimal utilisation
(selection, placement,
management,
development,
retention), and
Influencing (changing,
training, developing,
motivating) of normal
and, to a lesser
degree, deviant
behaviour in
interaction with the
environment (physical,
psychological, social
and organisational),
as manifested in the
world of work
Description of the main focus in the organisation is as follows:
IOP = the focus of an Industrial and Organisational Psychologist is on people,
behaviour, scientific research and well-being.
HR = the focus of a Human Resource practitioner is on the organisation in terms of
planning, strategies, policies, vision, mission and the overall performance of the
organisation.
Qualification and registration categories:
Industrial psychologist requires registration at the HPCSA, a master’s degree
and a formal one (1) year internship.
Psychometrist requires registration at the HPCSA, an honours degree and a
formal 6 month internship and at least 70% for board exam.
HR practitioner only needs the relevant HR diploma or degree (3 years).
Overlap between these two fields:
Both influence the effective functioning of the organisation
Involved in staffing of organisation – recruitment, selection, placing,
evaluation and development
Workplace matters – dispute resolution, negotiations, conflict resolution, skills
plan and training needs/reports, studying legislation
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CHAPTER 2 IOP3702 EXAM PREPARATION
QUESTION 4
Industrial psychologists are constantly faced with a host of practical
problems. Understanding the research process helps them to solve these
practical problems, apply the results of studies reported by others and assess
the accuracy of claims made about new practices and equipment. Explain the
five step empirical research process in detail, distinguishing between
qualitative and quantitative research methods.
[15]
Learning unit 2 in the Module online (MO) document (Chapter 2 in the text
book)
It is important to remember that each of these steps influences the next step in the
research process. The researcher takes a sequence of carefully planned and
reasoned decisions throughout the research process. Each decision is followed by
certain consequences.
Step 1: Formulating the research question (3 marks)
There are various questions asked that could be addressed in a research study.
Each question requires a very specific answer. Based on the kind of answer that is
required, we distinguish between various types of questions, namely:
: often asked when a relatively new field or area is
investigated. The results of this research can often be used to generate more
Descriptive questions: it provides a picture of a state of events. Researchers may
Predictive questions: researchers try to predict which employees will be productive,
which ones are likely to leave, and which ones will be dissatisfied. This information is
questions: is set to determine the quality or effectiveness of a program, practice or
procedure, for instance, whether a new training or learning program is effective in
most difficult to unravel. It is a question asking why events occur as they do. It tries
to find causes: why production is at a certain level, etc.
The term variable is often used in conjunction with other terms in industrial
psychological research. Four such terms that will be used throughout this book are
independent, dependent, predictor, and criterion. Independent variables or predictor
variables (as they are also referred to) are those variables that are manipulated or
controlled by the researcher. They are chosen by the researcher, set or manipulated
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