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Bones and bone structure Summary Anatomy

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The summary of bones and their structure likely covers topics such as the different types of bones (long, short, flat, irregular), the various parts of a bone (such as the epiphysis, diaphysis, and periosteum), and the functions of bones (support, protection, movement, blood cell production). Addit...

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  • Chapter 6
  • April 23, 2023
  • 18
  • 2022/2023
  • Summary

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BONES AND BONE STRUCTURE:
Bones of
THE SKELETAL SYSTEM: skeleton
It has five major functions:Cartilages The adult
skeleton contains
 Support
two hundred and
 Storage of minerals and lipids.
 Blood cell production.
 Protection
 Leverage. Know different
bones, where
located and their




BONE SHAPES:


SUTURAL BONES: [Wormian bones]
 Flat, irregularly shaped bones between the flat bones of the skull.
 There are individual variations in the number, shape and position of
the sutural bones.

,IRREGULAR BONES:
 Have complex shapes.


SHORT BONES:
 Boxy
 With approximately equal dimensions.


FLAT BONES:
 Have thin, parallel surfaces.
 Which produce a flattened shape.


LONG BONES:
 Relatively long and slender.
 Consisting of a shaft with two ends that are wider than the shaft.


SESAMOID BONES:
 Usually small, round and flat.
 Shaped somewhat like sesame seed.
 They tend to develop with tendons.
 May form in at least twenty-six locations.


BONE MARKINGS:

Characteristics of a bone’s surface that have specific functions, such as
joint formation, muscle attachment or the passage of nerves and blood
vessels.

Mature bone cells are called osteocytes, bone
building cells are called osteoblasts.
Osteoclasts are bone resorbing cells.
 Detailed examination of bone markings in can yield anatomical
information. Ex. Anthropologists, criminologists and pathologists can
determine the size, shape, age, sex, and general appearance.
 Bone markings provide fixed landmarks that can help to determine
the position of the soft tissue components of other organ systems.

, Know different bone
markings and their
position.




COMPARE THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS OF THE COMPACT BONE AND
SPONGY BONE:



COMPACT BONES: SPONGY BONES:
Consists of osteons. Spongy bone makes up
most of the numerous red
Little space between
marrow – filled spaces.
them.
Forms blood cells.
Functions to protect,
Make up most of the
support and resist
structure of the short, flat,
stress.
and irregular bones.
Lies over the spongy
Functions in storing

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