Hi everyone, these notes contain all the work for Prof H Botha's part of the work. They contain all lecture notes, the applicable sections of the textbook and all case discussions. All you need for the exam!
A. Constitutional History
1. Colonial and apartheid constitutionalism
Colonial and apartheid past
a. A racially divided state
b. Parliamentary sovereignty
c. The constitutional crisis of the 1950s
a. Racial division
Borders (frontiers) in 18th, early 19th centuries relatively open – fluid social identities; trade,
contact, marriages across borders
Borders close: colonialists establish hegemony over indigenous population, monopoly over
resources
Pre-Union franchise – differences
o Continue to exist after 1910
Universal white franchise, 1930-31
o British Parliament adopted Statute of Westminster in 1931
o Until then, Parliament had been bound by Colonial Laws Validity Act
All bills passed by SA Parliament had to be sent to Governor-General
(representative of the Crown) for assent
GG could assent, refuse his assent or reserve it for the King’s decision
King could disallow a bill within one year after GG had assented
Destruction of African voting rights, 1936
o African voters who lived in the Cape Province and had retained right to vote in 1909
Union Constitution – removed from common voters roll and given separate
representation
Removal of Coloured vote, 1950s
1983 tricameral Constitution
o Partial reforms introduced
o Extended franchise to coloureds and Indians in a tricameral legislature; blacks
excluded
o White minority still retained control
Bifurcation: democratic franchise vs administrative control, tribal authority
o SA society divided into two distinct spheres – black and white
o Pseudo-democratic white state on one hand
o Authoritarian system of colonial indirect rule over majority of the people on the
other hand
Chiefs: traditional structures increasingly subjected to British Crown
o Power became limited and Governor-General could control appointment of chiefs or
headmen
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