Exam (elaborations)
EDMHODR EXAM PACK 2023
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- University Of South Africa
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EDMHODR EXAM PACK2023
UPDATED QUESTIONS WITH
ELABORATE ANSWERS
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,EDMHODR
EXAM PACK
Revision PACK
Questions. Answers
,1. Grave ’s meaningful learning and rote learning
Rote Learning
⦁ It involves the acquisi on of single somewhat contrived concepts.
⦁ It involves the solu on of ar ficial problems and learning of arbitrary associa ons.
⦁ The effect is usually short term.
⦁ It is the verba m memoriza on of new informa on and has no connec on between new and
previous knowledge.
⦁ Presents defini ons, formulas, and new informa on without explaining rela onship with
students’ experiences
⦁ It is a random presenta on of new knowledge into the memory with no effort to integrate new
knowledge with prior knowledge
⦁ Remembering phone numbers and dates, and names are examples of rote learning.
⦁ Repea ng this type of material helps a learner recall it exactly as it was presented.
⦁ As a mediator of learning you should realize that rote learning implies that the learner did not
construct his own knowledge and a ach his own meaning to the content.
⦁ We've all tried repe on as a learning technique. The idea is that the more mes we are exposed
to material the deeper it will sink in. It’s a powerful technique when applied to appropriate
material.
⦁ Repe on works for rote learning but is less useful when trying to learn meaningful material.
MeaningfulLearning
⦁ It involves the acquisi on of the complex network of interrelated ideas characteris c of an
organized body of knowledge that learners must incorporate in their cognive structure.
⦁ It relates informa on to everyday experiences.
⦁ New informa on is related to what students already know (prior knowledge) and is generally
more powerful and interes ng.
⦁ Meaningful learning achieves both reten on and transfer,and even achieves reten on be er
than rote learning.
⦁ It is a deliberate effort to link new knowledge with prior knowledge.
, ⦁ Learning has a long term effect
⦁ To achieve Meaningful Learning you must organize instruc on to make meaningful connec ons to
what learners already know.
⦁ Meaningful learning on the other hand is ed and related and integrated to previous learning.
⦁ Although meaningful learning includes memoriza on and is in fact a very important part,
learning should not be equated with mere memoriza on.
⦁ When meaningful learning occurs the facts are stored in a rela onal manner. That is, the brain
stores them together because they are related to each other.
⦁ This strengthening process increases the new material's dis nctness; it prevents the material
from becoming absorbed by what was previously known.
⦁ This dis nctness will make the material retrievable and applicable to new circumstances.
Learning implies change:
⦁ We can conclude that learning is a change in performance through condi ons of ac vity, prac ce
and experience.
⦁ It refers to changes in the individual’s habits, insights, a tude, preferences and skill which leads
to increased knowledge or the ability to do something which that individual had previously not
been able to do.
Underlying assump ons:
⦁ The behavioris c view of learning was the greatest influence on educa on and con nues to
influence educa on as is evident from the role that drill and prac ce, rewards, reinforcement and
the breaking of nega ve behaviors in the classroom plays.
⦁ Behaviorists believe that human behavior is orderly, predictable and controllable.
⦁ Learners are ac ve par cipants in the construc on of their own knowledge.
⦁ The construc on of meaning and knowledge is the result of the interac on between the
informa on that is being presented by the educator and the learner’s interpreta on of that
informa on based on his experiences, understandings and prior knowledge.
The following summary is useful:
⦁ People learn what is personally meaningful to them.
⦁ People learn more when they accept challenging but achievable goals
⦁ Learning is developmental
⦁ Individuals learn differently but in general people construct new knowledge by building on their
current knowledge.
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