2.1
According to Bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory, what are the different systems that
influence Sipho’s development? Explain the possible assets in each system as represented
in the case study and based on Bronfenbrenner’s.
(10)
2.2
According to the African perspective, as discus...
MODULE CODE: PED3701
ASSIGNMENT NO: 04
UNIQUE NUMBER:
DUE DATE:
, QUESTION 1
1.1 In what way does the African perspective on human development differ from Erikson’s
psychosocial theory? (4)
In many African societies, spirituality and belief in the invisible world play a central role in
socialization and identity formation. For example, traditional rites of passage often involve
spiritual rituals and practices that help to shape an individual's understanding of their place in
the world and their relationship to their community. Additionally, beliefs about the spirit world
and the ancestors can influence how individuals think about their own identities and their
relationships with others.
The African perspective highlights the importance of community, interconnectedness,
spirituality, and ancestral wisdom in human development. Overall, the African perspective on
human development differs from Erikson's psychosocial theory by emphasizing communal
values, the role of ancestors, and the influence of spirituality and the invisible world. Conversely,
Erikson's theory focuses on the individual's development within various stages and how
personal conflicts and individual decisions affect this development. Erikson's theory does not
specifically consider the role of spirituality in human development.
1.2 How does spirituality and belief in the invisible world influence socialisation and identity
formation in African societies? (4)
In many African societies, spirituality and belief in the invisible world play a central role in
socialization and identity formation. For example, traditional rites of passage often involve
spiritual rituals and practices that help to shape an individual's understanding of their place in
the world and their relationship to their community. Additionally, beliefs about the spirit world
and the ancestors can influence how individuals think about their own identities and their
relationships with others.
1.3 According to collectivism, a person is a person through others (Nwoye, 2017). What does
this imply with regard to personality development? (5)
Collectivism suggests that an individual's personality development is influenced by the social
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