Class notes
Lecture notes BCM 251
- Course
- BCM 251
- Institution
- University Of Pretoria (UP)
Lecture notes of 20 pages for the course BCM 251 at UP (Unit 3 study notes,)
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WHITE BLOOD CELLS & DEFENCE SYSTEMSDEFENCE SYSTEM OF BODY INVOLVES
Natural (non immune) mechanisms
- Innate immunity
Immune based system
General resistance vs specific immunity
General resistance Specific immunity
Performed Inducible
Non-specific Diverse
Without memory Memory
1st line of defense Distinguishing self from non-self
Primary function of immune system
Protect body through
- Recognition of and defense against foreign substances (non-self materials) that enters
body
- Immune-surveillance (recognition and destruction of mutant cells which can become
cancerous
Non-self: everything which is detectable different from an animals own constituents e.g.,
micro-organisms, materials from other animals (cells, organs).
Infection: parasitic virus, bacteria, fungi, worms, protozoa
WHITE BLOOD CELLS
Composition of blood
- Plasma (55%)
- Formed elements (45%)
Leukocytes
- Lymphocytes
- Monocytes
- Neutrophils
- Eosinophils
- Basophils
, MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM (MPS)
Phagocyte: cells that ingest other cells, bacteria and material, and break them down
Circulating phagocytes: 2 categories
- Small phagocytes (microphages): neutrophils
- Large phagocytes (macrophages): monocytes
Cells of MPS located in tissues that come into contact with external pathogens
Functions
- Phagocytize, destroy pathogens and cellular debris
- Act as antigen presenting cells (APCs)
Cell Name Location
Adipose tissue macrophages Adipose tissue
Monocyte Bone marrow/blood
Kupffer cell Liver
Sinud histiocytes Lymph node
Alveolar macrophage (dust cell) Pulmonary alveolus of lungs
Tissue macrophages (Histiocyte) leading to Giant cells Connective tissues
Langerhans cell Skin and mucosa
Microglia Central nervous system
Hofbauer cell Placenta
Intraglomerular mesangial cell Kidney
Epithelioid cells Granulomas
Red pulp macrophages (sinusoidal lining cells) Red pulp of spleen
Peritoneal macrophages Peritoneal cavity
, MECHANISMS INVOLVED IN BODY
PROTECTION
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