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UNE CHEM 1005 Midterm Review Questions With Complete Solutions
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UNE CHEM 1005 Midterm Review QuestionsWith Complete Solutions
An 𝛂-helical arrangment of amino acids is considered to be part
of what level of protein structure? correct answer: secondary
structure
Hemoglobin has the ability to display cooperative binding, while
myoglobin does not display this binding kinetic pattern. Which
difference between the two proteins accounts for this difference
in binding kinetics? correct answer: the presence of quaternary
structure in hemoglobin; cooperativity is a binding characteristic
only displayed in proteins with a quaternary structure
A 22y/o female presents to the emergency department with
acute abdominal pain. She indicates the pain came on rapidly in
her mid-abdominal region. Laboratory tests indicate elevated
levels of amylase. This result would indicate a dysfunction with
which organ? correct answer: Pancreas
Cleavage of fructose 1, 6-bisphosphate to dihydroxyacetone and
glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate involves the breaking of a carbon-
carbon bond through a process other than oxidation or
hydrolysis. This is achieved by what class of enzymes? correct
answer: Lyase
Which of the following best describes tertiary structure? correct
answer: Interactions between α-helices and β sheets to form a
domain
,Which of the following best describes a protein domain? correct
answer: A section of a protein structure sufficient to perform a
particular chemical or physical task
A 19-year-old boy is diagnosed with Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
which is caused by the introduction of an amyloid fold in the
disease-causing protein. The introduction of this fold causes the
protein to transition from a primarily α-helical structure to an
aggregate of mostly β-sheets. This change in protein structure
(leading to disease) is best attributed to changes in which of the
following? correct answer: folding of the secondary structures
Chymotrypsin is a protease that cleaves peptide bonds. It is
characterized as which of the following classes of enzymes?
correct answer: hydrolase
α-helices and β-sheets are primarily stabilized by which of the
following interactions? correct answer: hydrogen bonding
Changes in the physiological variables listed below can alter the
affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen. Which of the following will
lower the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen? correct answer:
increase in 2,3 bisphosphoglycerate (BPG)
Activity of an enzyme is increased when the enzyme is
phosphorylated on an exposed tyrosine residue. Phosphorylation
of this AA is classified as? correct answer: Covalent
modification--phosphorylation to an enzyme that can
increase/decrease activity of an enzyme
, Covalent catalysis is used by many enzymes to cleave peptide
bonds. All of the following AA side chains EXCEPT _____ will
help reaction? correct answer: Tyrosine, histidine and
methionine; NOT valine--nonpolar AA that lacks a nucleophile
to facilitate the generation of a catalyst-substrate covalent bond
If a mutation is made within the active site of an enzyme
resulting in an increase in Km, which of the following will be
true with respect to the enzyme kinetics? correct answer: the
enzyme will require a higher substrate concentration to reach 1/2
Vmax
what are the metabolic consequences of changes to the
ubiquitin-proteasome system? correct answer: increases protein
ubiquitination, would lead to increase in protein degradation -->
decrease in product production OR decrease in protein
degradation, leading to accomulation of the enzyme or protein --
> INCREASE in product production
Protein Z requires phosphorylation at an exposed tyrosine
residue for activity. If we modify this tyrosine to a glycine, what
impact does this have on the activity of protein Z? correct
answer: Loss of the phosphorylation site will reduce the activity
of the enzyme (tyrosine has an exposed hydroxyl group that
allows for phosphorylation and glycine doesn't, so modifying the
enzyme to glycine takes away that available phosphorylation
site. Loss of that site will reduce the activity of the enzyme b/c
can no longer be phosphorlyzed)
The following represents a series of reactions. As levels of B
increase, this will decrease the conversion of S3 to B. Which of
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