PYC4802 Assignment 3 2023 With Solved Solutions
This essay will introduce the reader to three eating disorders namely, Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa and Binge eating. The first section of this essay contains diagnostic criteria and the clinical features of these ...
PYC4802 Assignment 3 2023 With Solved Solut ions This essay will introduce the reader to three eating disorders namely, Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa and Binge eating. The first section of this essay contains diagnostic criteria and the clinical features of these disorders according to the Diagnostic Statistical Manual Volume 5 (DSM -5). The second section will critically discuss how South African black females are no longer perceived to be “immune” from eating disorders. An eating disorder is a psychological (mental) illness. It starts in the mind but it can have dangerous effect on the body. Some people are obsessed with being thin therefore they diet and exercise excessively. At opposite extreme are those who eat extremely and cannot stop (Ambrose & Deisler: 2014). Over the years there have been several attempts to set clinical or diagnostic criteria to define Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, Binge eating and other related eating disorders. Classifications have been established by the World Health Organization and the American Psychiatric Association. The diagnostic criteria however, changed quite drastically with each revision, moving to what we can call an ‘eating disorder’ (Costin, 2016). The DSM -5 expanded from previous editions by including Binge - eating disord er, pica, rumination disorder, and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder, in addition to the more traditional eating disorders of Anorexia nervosa and Bulimia nervosa (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Most people occasio nally experience disordered eating and resolve to be more restrained. Women make up 90% of sufferers from eating disorders, they struggle between appetite and food adverts on one hand as well as the dictates of fashion on the other hand (Morris, 2011). “For women with eating disorders, the rift between the mind and the body has deepened over the years, and the chasm may be too wide to mend easily.” (Kirkpatrick, 2018: p20). Detailed discussion of the above mentioned disorders is done on the ensui ng section. Section A 1. ANOREXIA NERVOSA DISORDER According to (Treasure & Alexander, 2013) the word Anorexia means loss of appetite. Anorexia is more like self starvation where someone becomes so obsessed with losing weight and dieting t hat he or she ignores the body’s hunger signals. They went further to say although a person with anorexia is always hungry, he or she takes pride in denying hunger, feeling more in control and independent. The DSM -5 describes Anorexia Nervosa as loss of a ppetite which is distinguished by three core criteria, namely: (1) persistent restriction of energy intake, (2) a great fear of becoming fat and (3) disturbance in self -perception of body shape or size. There are two subtypes of the disorder which are refe rred to as restricting type and bingeeating/purging type. Restricting type involves weight loss through severe dieting or exercising, 15% below the ‘Body Mass Index’ (BMI). The binge -eating/purging type involves self -induced vomiting or use of laxative s or diuretics to control weight, often after binge eating. There do not appear to be any studies in South Africa that suggest anorexia nervosa among black females. However, we cannot be too hasty and dismiss anorexia nervosa among bl ack South Africans (Le Grange, Louw, Breen, & Katzman, 2004) The student understands Anorexia Nervosa to be a psychological illness that causes one to starve themselves as a result of extreme fear of being fat. The person has the perception that they are fat /big despite contrary evidence that they are not. They mai ntain their desired body by eating less. Keeping a thin body is a great achievement.
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