,Contents
HOW TO EARN MARKS ............................................................................................................................................. 20
Examples of tests of controls questions ...................................................................................................... 27
1. Board of directors ...................................................................................................................................... 30
Composition of the board ..................................................................................................................................... 30
What is an independent non-executive director? (Principle 2.18 (par 67), King Report) .................................... 30
6. Sustainability, integrated reporting and disclosure .......................................................................... 34
7. The link between governance principles and law .......................................................................... 35
Explanation ................................................................................................................................................ 37
Types & Examples .....................................................................................................................................37
Use and Application ...................................................................................................................................39
Purpose &Importance ................................................................................................................................40
Assertions assist auditors in considering a wide range of issues that are relevant to the authenticity of financial
statements. The consideration of management assertions during the Definition ...........................................40
Model .............................................................................................................................................................40
Components ...................................................................................................................................................40
Control Risk ....................................................................................................................................................41
Detection Risk ................................................................................................................................................41
Application .....................................................................................................................................................42
Example ..........................................................................................................................................................42
How to Follow Risk Assessment Procedures in an Audit ...............................................................................43
,Obtaining an Understanding of the Company and Its Environment .........................................................46
Industry, Regulatory, and Other External Factors .................................................................................46
Nature of the Company ..............................................................................................................................46
Selection and Application of Accounting Principles, Including Related Disclosures ..........................48
Company Objectives, Strategies, and Related Business Risks ................................................................48
Company Performance Measures ............................................................................................................. 49
Obtaining an Understanding of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting ...........................................50
Control Environment .................................................................................................................................. 51
The Company's Risk Assessment Process ............................................................................................... 52
Information and Communication ............................................................................................................ 52
Control Activities .......................................................................................................................................53
Monitoring of Controls ............................................................................................................................. 53
Performing Walkthroughs ........................................................................................................................54
Relationship of Understanding of Internal Control to Tests of Controls ............................................54
Considering Information from the Client Acceptance and Retention Evaluation, Audit Planning Activities,
Past Audits, and Other Engagements ......................................................................................................... 55
Performing Analytical Procedures ...............................................................................................................55
Conducting a Discussion among Engagement Team Members Regarding Risks of Material Misstatement
...................................................................................................................................................................... 56
Discussion of the Potential for Material Misstatement Due to Fraud ...................................................57
Inquiring of the Audit Committee, Management, and Others within the Company about the Risks of
Material Misstatement .................................................................................................................................. 57
Inquiries Regarding Fraud Risks .............................................................................................................58
Identifying and Assessing the Risks of Material Misstatement .................................................................60
Identifying Significant Accounts and Disclosures and Their Relevant Assertions .............................60
Factors Relevant to Identifying Fraud Risks .......................................................................................... 61
Factors Relevant to Identifying Significant Risks ...................................................................................62
Further Consideration of Controls .......................................................................................................... 63
Audit process - risk assessment ................................................................................................................. 63
Audit process - risk response ......................................................................................................................63
Audit process - reporting ............................................................................................................................ 64
Audit process - what is an audit in the public sector? ...............................................................................64
Audit process - what does an audit not do? ................................................................................................64
Audit process - what is a clean audit? .......................................................................................................64
, Audit process - how to achieve a clean audit .......................................................................................................65
Audit, independence, regulations, and business services ................................................................................66
MAY/JUNE 2013 XAM PACK ................................................................................................................................. 84
OCTOBER / NOVEMBER 2013 ................................................................................................................................ 87
Question papers are attached on separate sheets, and some are
also accessible on myunisa.
STUDY NOTES
Introduction
Students often ask where internal control and controls in a computerised environment fit into the audit
process.
In terms of ISA 315 (par 5 and 6), auditors are required to perform risk assessment procedures. These
procedures are performed to obtain an understanding of the entity and its environment (including
internal control) sufficient to identify and assess risks of material misstatement, whether due to fraud
or error.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through EFT, credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying this summary from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller LOVELY01. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy this summary for R48,80. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.