- Carbon footprint: measures the total amount of greenhouse gases emitted by an individual,
organization, or nation.
- Water footprint: measures the amount of water used in the production of goods and services.
1.1.2. Examples of the application of sustainability indicators are:
- A company calculates their carbon footprint and sets targets to reduce their greenhouse gas
emissions by 20% over the next five years.
- A municipality measures their water footprint and develops a plan to reduce their water
consumption by 15% by implementing water-saving measures in public buildings, parks, and streets.
- A country establishes a biodiversity index to monitor the conservation of its natural resources and
sets goals to protect 25% of its land area as protected areas.
- A farm measures its energy use and invests in renewable energy technologies to reduce its reliance
on fossil fuels and cut its greenhouse gas emissions.
1.2. Sustainable development means meeting the needs of the present without compromising the
ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It involves the integration of economic, social
and environmental considerations in decision-making processes. The Brundtland Report defines
sustainable development as "development that meets the needs of the present without
compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs."
1.3. One environmental issue around my school is littering in the school yard and surrounding areas.
To teach a lesson on the consequences of littering and how to address it, I would apply the following
Tbilisi Principles of environmental education:
- Principle 1: Awareness: I would start the lesson by raising awareness among students about the
negative impacts of littering on the environment, wildlife, and human health.
Page 1 of 11
, - Principle 2: Attitudes: I would encourage positive attitudes towards environmental protection and
responsibility by discussing the importance of taking action to reduce litter and keep our
environment clean.
- Principle 3: Skills: I would teach practical skills such as recycling, waste sorting, and composting to
reduce litter and promote sustainable waste management practices.
- Principle 4: Knowledge: I would provide students with relevant knowledge about waste reduction,
environmental policies, and sustainable behavior, so they understand the broader context of the
problem.
- Principle 6: Participation: I would encourage students to participate in cleaning up the school yard
and surrounding areas by organizing a litter pick-up day. This would provide students with a sense of
ownership and responsibility towards their environment.
Environmental issue: littering in the school yard and surrounding areas
Lesson topic: To teach a lesson on the consequences of littering and how to address it, I would
apply the following Tbilisi Principles of environmental education:
Tbilisi principles Application of the Tbilisi principles
1. Principle 1: Awareness: I would start the lesson by raising awareness
among students about the negative impacts of
littering on the environment, wildlife, and
human health.
2. Principle 2: Attitudes: I would encourage positive attitudes towards
environmental protection and responsibility by
discussing the importance of taking action to
reduce litter and keep our environment clean.
3. Principle 3: Skills: Skills: I would teach practical skills such as
recycling, waste sorting, and composting to
reduce litter and promote sustainable waste
management practices.
4. Principle 4: Knowledge: Knowledge: I would provide students with
relevant knowledge about waste reduction,
environmental policies, and sustainable
behavior, so they understand the broader
context of the problem.
5. Principle 5: Participation: I would encourage students to participate in
cleaning up the school yard and surrounding
areas by organizing a litter pick-up day. This
would provide students with a sense of
ownership and responsibility towards their
environment.
Page 2 of 11
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