Essay
COS3751 Assignment 2 Unique No 633536
- Institution
- University Of South Africa (Unisa)
COS3751 Techniques of Artificial Intelligence Assignment 2 Unique Number: Due Date: 28/07/2023
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
Content preview
Question 11.1 A utility function serves as a means to quantify the perceived numerical worth of a state, be it
a final outcome or an intermediate stage, for a given player. Its primary purpose is to determine
the optimal move that a player can make based on the available options.
1.2 Even without complete information, agents can still achieve the optimal strategy while
playing. This implies that the optimal strategy takes into account the concept of limited
information. However, it is highly probable that an agent with perfect information will outperform
an agent with limited or imperfect information when facing the same problem
1.3 Forward pruning involves discarding certain nodes without even examining them. In contrast,
when using beam search (among other methods), only a subset of the most promising moves is
considered at each level. However, there is a risk that the best move could be discarded during
this process
1.4 Minimax becomes an exhaustive search, considering all possible outcomes, only if pruning is
not employed. In such cases, the specific configuration parameters, such as depth or plys,
dictate the extent of the search, and the order of nodes does not affect the results
Question 2
2.1 A = -7, B = -7, C = -8, D = -7, E = 0,
F = 5, G = -8, H = -3, I = 3
2.2 Move B has a higher utility value for MAX compared to move C.
2.3 A=(-1, ∞), B=(-∞, -7), C=(-7, ∞), D=(-7, ∞), E=(-∞, -7), F=(-∞, -7), G=(-7, ∞)
2.4 The nodes below C, H, and I are pruned in A-cut, and the nodes below F and M are
pruned in B-cut, thus preventing their expansion.
Question 3
3.1 a) Every AI search algorithm incorporates an evaluation function, which has the ability to
provide either a true utility or an expected value as its output. Utility represents an optimal
assessment of the state, offering a quantitative measure of its desirability. Typically, this
evaluation process involves playing the game until reaching a terminal state and then
propagating the utility values back up to the internal nodes. However, when there is a large
number of possible actions from a state and the depth required to reach a terminal state is
significant, this approach becomes impractical. In such cases, an expected utility is
employed, aiming to evaluate a state by considering its features in order to estimate the
utility that can be expected from that state. In many scenarios, the expected utility can simply
be the probability of winning from a specific state.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through EFT, credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying this summary from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller katlego86. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy this summary for R100,00. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
73216 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy summaries for 14 years now