Summary
Summary Neuro week 5
- Course
- SCMD3000 (SCMD3000)
- Institution
- University Of The Witwatersrand (wits)
Summary of 23 pages for the course SCMD3000 at wits (Summary.)
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Week 5 – CNS infections, Cerebral Palsy, EpilepsyCerebral Palsy
- Non-progressive damage to the developing brain
Damage is non-progressive but clinical manifestation can change over time
- Manifestation depends on the area of the brain damaged:
Pyramidal system (Cortex, white matter)
Extrapyramidal system (Thalamus, Basal Ganglia, Cerebellum)
- Timing of the injury causing C.P:
Perinatally (Majority)
Antenatally
Acquired
- Causes:
Genetic
Intrauterine/ antenatal causes:
o Cerebral malformations
o NT defects
o Arrest of cleavage
o Posterior fossa malformations
o Stroke
o Twin pregnancy
o Intrauterine infections (Cytomegalovirus, Toxoplasmosis, unidentifiable organism)
o FAS
Neonatal: Metabolic, infections, trauma
Main causes in developing countries (Mainly causes Spastic quadriplegia predominant type):
o Birth asphyxia
o CNS infections
o Bilirubin toxicity
- Types of CP:
Spastic (White matter/ cortical damage):
o Quadriplegic
Most common
Diffuse brain damage of cortical/ white matter
All 4 limbs are spastic with contractures
Microcephaly, intellectually disabled
Visual problems, struggle to swallow
May have seizures
o Hemiplegic
2nd most common
Due to a focal bleed
Spastic leg & arm contractures
Normal head size & normal intelligence
May have seizures
o Diplegic
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