Exam (elaborations)
TRL2601 EXAM PACK 2023
- Institution
- University Of South Africa (Unisa)
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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TRL2601EXAM
PACK 2023
QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
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Contents
1: Introduction to Transport Management .......................................................................................................1
2: Transport and Environmental Management Systems ...................................................................................3
3: Integrated Transport Management ...............................................................................................................7
4: Transport Policies and Regulations................................................................................................................9
5: Decision making in Transport Organisations ...............................................................................................12
6: Fleet Management.......................................................................................................................................15
7: Financial Management in Transport ............................................................................................................20
9: Operation Management in Transport..........................................................................................................26
10: Transport and Information Technology.....................................................................................................26
1: Introduction to Transport Management
What are the roles of Information Technology and Communications in transport
• Transport plays an important role in the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT).
• The impact of information technology on the freight transportation system has been significant and
is likely to increase sharply.
• The industry has already implemented cutting-edge technologies to improve customer service and
to reduce expenditures.
• Carriers in all modes will increasingly rely on continuous updates on the location and status of the
vehicles and containers in their system.
• Additional growth in the intermodal freight market requires an increase in information-sharing
across companies.
• Electronic commerce (e-commerce) will probably bring about changes in both the configuration and
profitability of a portion of the freight sector.
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What are the roles of ICT in transport?
• Interoperability of equipment with different infrastructures;
• Compatibility and consistency of information delivered to end-users through different media;
• Better integration and coordination of services;
• Solutions that meet the wider needs of the community;
• Greater choice for users;
• Multiple use of data and infrastructure;
• Reduced risks for industry by developing products against national and international standards;
• A wider (world) market offering economies of scale in production.
Discuss the transport trends found in South Africa (6)
Roads, Vehicles and Congestion
• Many factors have affected traffic levels, including fuel prices, economic growth and an increase in
car ownership and number of drivers.
• Men are still more likely to have a driving licence but the proportion of women holding a license
has been increasing at a faster rate
Personal Travel Mode
• Car use has increased as disposable income has risen
• the distance travelled and the time spent travelling has increased
Public Transport
• Bus operators are now investing in newer vehicles, and passenger satisfaction is generally high,
although buses tend to have a poorer image among nonusers and infrequent users.
Variation in Personal Travel and Access to Services
• The number of trips made and distance travelled increased with car availability and income
Freight and Logistics
• The rise in logistic costs is due to increases in the amount of goods transported by road and rail.
Safety
• In terms of fatalities per passenger kilometre, air continues to be the safest mode of transport.
Health and the Environment
• Walking and cycling for travel purposes have both declined significantly over the past decade.
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• Emissions of local air pollutants have declined with the advent of catalytic converters and cleaner
fuels.
2: Transport and Environmental Management Systems
Discuss factors to be considered in managing the environmental effect in a transport organisation
(12)
The transport needs of an organization affect the environment in a number of ways. To ensure transport is
well integrated it is important to appreciate fully the related impacts.
Cost savings through reduced fuel and other transport costs
Efficient use of transport will improve business effectiveness and profitability. The Fuel-efficient fleet
management shows how effective fleet management can release typical savings of 10%.
Reduced demand for car parking
Savings can be made through not having to provide as much car parking, and using the space this frees up
more efficiently for the business.
Reduced business costs associated with congestion
Cutting congestion and journey times reduce lost work time due to time spent in traffic jams whilst
commuting or travelling on business.
Projecting an improved company image
Showing a commitment to improving the global and local environment, and backing this up with real
actions, can help an organization be seen as a responsible contributor to the community.
Improve relationship with employees
Travel plans can be used as a recruitment tool as well as helping to retain staff by providing wider travel
choices and by offering potential cost savings for staff in terms of their travel arrangements
Increased productivity
Reducing congestion and travel times and improving local air quality are likely to bring benefits associated
with a healthier and less stressed workforce, who may be more motivated with less absenteeism.
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