Exam (elaborations)
MNO3706 ASSIGNMENT 01 SEMESTER 02 2023
- Institution
- University Of South Africa (Unisa)
MNO3706 ASSIGNMENT 01 SEMESTER 02 2023
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FULL NAMES:STUDENT NUMBER:
UNIQUE NUMBER:
MODULE CODE: MNO3706
MODULE NAME: SAFETY MANAGEMENT III B
ASSIGNMENT: 01
, 1. The principle commonly used in Safety Management Systems (SMS) to assess and
handle risks associated with different activities, processes, or systems is "as low as
reasonably practicable" (ALARP). Its primary objective is to minimize risks as much as
possible, considering both practicality and cost-effectiveness in implementing risk
control measures.
Within the ALARP principle, there are three levels of risk:
• The first level is an 'intolerable' level of risk, where immediate action is necessary
to reduce or eliminate the risk associated with an activity. These risks are
considered unacceptable due to their severity and potential consequences. They
have the potential to cause significant harm to people, the environment, or
assets. Any risk that exceeds tolerability criteria or regulatory requirements falls
into this category, and the main goal is to identify and prioritize such risks for
prompt action to bring them to acceptable levels.
• The second level is a 'middle' region, where additional risk reduction measures
are required until the overall risk is sufficiently decreased. This region represents
risks that are neither intolerable nor broadly acceptable. Further evaluation and
assessment are needed to determine appropriate risk control measures. The aim
is to find the most effective and efficient ways to mitigate these risks to an
acceptable level, often involving a consideration of costs and benefits in
implementing risk controls.
• The third level is a 'broadly acceptable' level, at which further reduction measures
are unnecessary. At this point, the risk is at an acceptable level, taking into
account available resources, industry standards, and best practices. These risks
are managed and controlled to a degree where they do not pose a significant
threat to safety or the environment. Monitoring risks in this category is crucial to
maintain their acceptability and address any changes that might affect their
status.
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