AFL2601
Assignment 2 Semester 2 2023
Unique Number:
Due Date: September 2023
QUESTION 1
Guthrie's four criteria for a language to qualify as a Bantu language are:
1. Noun class system: Bantu languages have a system of noun classes, where nouns
are classified into different categories based on shared characteristics. Each class
has a corresponding set of agreement markers that are used in conjunction with
verbs, adjectives, pronouns, and other words that agree with the noun's class.
Example: In the Swahili language, there are 18 noun classes. For instance, the noun "kitabu"
(book) belongs to class 7, and when used in a sentence, the verb or adjective referring to
DISCLAIMER & TERMS OF USE
"kitabu"
1. Educational must
Aid: alsostudy
These takenotes
the corresponding
are designed toclass
serve7asagreement
educationalmarker,
aids and"ki-".
should not be considered as a
substitute for individual research, critical thinking, or professional guidance. Students are encouraged to
conduct their own extensive research and consult with their instructors or academic advisors for specific
assignment requirements.
2. Personal Responsibility: While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the
information provided in these study notes, the seller cannot guarantee the completeness or correctness of all
the content. It is the responsibility of the buyer to verify the accuracy of the information and use their own
judgment when applying it to their assignments.
3. Academic Integrity: It is crucial for students to uphold academic integrity and adhere to their institution's
policies and guidelines regarding plagiarism, citation, and referencing. These study notes should be used as a
tool for learning and inspiration, but any direct reproduction of the content without proper acknowledgment and
citation may constitute academic misconduct.
4. Limited Liability: The seller of these study notes shall not be held liable for any direct or indirect damages,
losses, or consequences arising from the use of the notes. This includes, but is not limited to, poor grades,
academic penalties, or any other negative outcomes resulting from the application or misuse of the information
provided.
, For additional support +27 81 278 3372
QUESTION 1
Guthrie's four criteria for a language to qualify as a Bantu language are:
1. Noun class system: Bantu languages have a system of noun classes, where
nouns are classified into different categories based on shared characteristics.
Each class has a corresponding set of agreement markers that are used in
conjunction with verbs, adjectives, pronouns, and other words that agree with
the noun's class.
Example: In the Swahili language, there are 18 noun classes. For instance, the noun
"kitabu" (book) belongs to class 7, and when used in a sentence, the verb or adjective
referring to "kitabu" must also take the corresponding class 7 agreement marker, "ki-
".
2. Consonant interchanges: Bantu languages often exhibit consonant interchange
patterns, where certain consonants change based on the position within a word
or its grammatical context.
Example: In Zulu, a Bantu language, the noun prefix "izi-" changes to "ama-" in the
plural form. For instance, "isiZulu" (Zulu language) becomes "iziZulu" (Zulu
languages).
3. Vowel alternation: Bantu languages frequently show vowel alternation, where
vowels within a word change based on grammatical factors such as tense,
mood, or negation.
Example: In Xhosa, another Bantu language, the verb "ukutya" means "to eat."
However, in the negative form, the vowel alternates, and it becomes "akutyi" (not
eating).
4. Prefix system: Bantu languages employ a prefix system that often marks
various grammatical elements such as verbal tense, subject agreement, object
agreement, and others. Prefixes are added to the beginning of the word.
