explains and gives examples about chemical properties, aids and bases, chemical reactions, oxidation and reduction, reaction rates, combustion ,synthesis , isotope ,classifying matter and many others
Module 4: Classifying Matter
Recognize and Differentiate that Solids – Packed together tightly and can’t move very much
matter is made of particles in Example: marble and brass
constant motion
(solid, liquid, gas, and plasma) Liquids – The particles can slide past each other, and take the shape of their container
Example: water and mercury
Gases – The particles stay far apart as possible
Example: oxygen and nitrogen
Plasma – Moves quick and are far apart
Example: fire and lightning
Explain why adding or removing Kinetic molecular theory of matter explains the motions of particles and how matter can transition from one
energy causes a phase change state to another.
and give example
Adding Energy causes a Phase Change
If you add energy, such as heat, to a substance, the extra energy may cause the particles to move faster. The
faster the particles move, the more kinetic energy they have.
Example: when we add heat to liquid water we boil it and turn it into a gas.
Removing Energy causes a Phase Change
If you remove energy, its particles move more slowly and the substance changes to a different state.
Example: When we remove heat from liquid water we freeze it and get ice (cold is really only an absence of
heat!).
We do this by adding or removing energy as heat.
Additional Example:
Changing the amount of heat energy causes a temperature change.
During the phase change the temperature stays the same.
This is why water doesn’t get hotter when it boils
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Define and give Examples of Compounds- Molecules made of more than 1 atom bonded together.
Compounds and Elements Example: Water (H2O)
Elements- made of only 1 type of atom.
Example: Carbon or Helium
Compare and Contrast a Pure Pure Substance: a substance that contains one element of compound and cannot be separated into individual
Substance and Mixture properties.
(Homogeneous and Example: Sulfur, Iron, Table Salt, Sugar. Elements and Compounds are pure substances
Heterogeneous)
Mixture: A substance that contains different compounds and/or elements. Its components can be separated
based on their individual properties.
Example: Cereal and Milk, Coke, Italian Dressing, & Salt Water
Classified as:
Homogenous Mixture: A mixture with a composition that is always the same no matter what part of the sample
you are observing.
Example: Salt water, Coke, & Steel
Heterogeneous Mixture: A mixture with a composition that is different depending on what part of the sample
you are observing.
Example: Italian Salad Dressing, Cereal and Milk, and Cake with Icing on it
Identify and give Examples of Physical Change: A change in which the atoms or molecules in a substance stay the same
Physical and Chemical Changes Example: an ice cube melting, chopping wood.
Chemical Change: A change that affects the type of molecules or atoms in a substance
Example: burning wood, banana rotting.
Describe the structure of atoms Outside nucleus:
(electrons, neutrons, and Electrons: are floating outside the nucleus. Symbol: (-) negative charge
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