Unit 2- Practical Scientific Procedures and Techniques
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All assignments written for unit 2 applied science level 3
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Unit 2- Practical Scientific Procedures and Techniques
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PEARSON (PEARSON)
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New BTEC Applied Science - Student Book
These are the assignments I wrote for Unit 2 last year as a BTEC applied science student. I got a distinction, D, and full mark in each assignment; if requested, I can show the proof. I worked very hard on those assignments and each. I am sure these assignments, if used correctly will give you the ...
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Unit 2- Practical Scientific Procedures and Techniques
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Standard solution
KEY STANDARD SOLUTION SKILLS:
● I learned how to prepare a standard solution. I will take advantage of this skill in university
when I work with for example colorimetry where I have to use a standard solution to the
experiment. A disadvantage is that there is a risk of contamination using the chemicals, which
will arrive now or later at a specific location. This location is mostly the sea where hundreds of
species live.
● I practiced calculating moles, which is the basis of chemistry. This is an advantage that I will
always use during my education. You calculate moles in titrations, atomic structure, negativity,
molecular bonds. The disadvantage of it is that it can be difficult to understand at the beginning,
but if you practice you will understand it more and more.
● Find out the concentration. This helps us with finding the pH- value of a solution, the risks of
using it, and how flammable it is. Can’t be found if you don’t know the number of moles and the
volume of the used solution.
● Balancing equations. This is a very good skill that I have learned and helps me calculate the right
e.g. weight, several moles, and further get accurate results. The disadvantage with this skill is
that it requires more time to finish my work if I have to balance every chemical equation,
especially if the equation has odd numbers of some elements.
● How to calibrate a balance. This is very important and has to be done every time you use a
balance to the experiment. It gives you more accurate numbers for the weight of the substance,
which makes your results more reliable. Requires adding more time to the experiment to be
able to have enough time to calibrate the balance in the right way.
● How to decrease the concentration of a solution. This is helpful if you need to use a chemical
with a certain molarity and don’t have other options. The disadvantage may be that it makes the
analysis of the substance more difficult. The taste of the substance may change and then some
products will no longer be desirable.
First of all our safety was a top priority. We, therefore, worked safely and carefully to avoid any
unexpected problems. We wore lab coats and goggles to reduce the risks that can happen. I
concentrated totally when I made the solution because the sodium carbonate can irritate the skin and
the eye if it comes on them. I also tried to do everything that was offered to me to do. The more you
work the more experience you will get, which will benefit you in the future. Our group helped its
members and if something went wrong we tried to fix it. If all the members in the group couldn’t solve
the problem we could ask the teacher. My performance was good, but I had to hurry up a little bit more.
I was too slow compared to the time we had. I gave feedback to one partner only, which was about the
weight. This person wasn’t very careful with weighting the amount of sodium carbonate and thought
that it was okay to have a weight that was a little bit higher than the determined amount. It wasn’t easy
to give him feedback because I’m not used to doing it.
Why I think that having the determined amount of sodium carbonate is very important, is because of
the concentration and the moles that we will calculate later. Even one gram more of sodium carbonate
, can change the concentration and further the moles. What I noticed that I needed to improve was the
reading from the equipment. If I was more accurate while reading the results, I would generally be able
to get more accurate results. I will try to be more concentrated and look carefully at the small numbers
on e.g. the flask for the next time. A more exact amount of water carbonate sodium means more
accurate results.
Titrations
KEY TITRATION SKILLS:
● Neutralization of a specific substance using an indicator. This gives us a new substance with new
traits. These new traits may make the substance suitable for a specific experiment, research, or
product. On the other hand, the new substance may be very toxic and have fumes that may
cause death. How to do a titration. The titration will help me understand the way the equivalent
point and neutralization of two compounds. The disadvantage is that this is difficult to do at
home if you wish to do it again.
● Find out an unknown concentration using titration. This is very useful because if you know the
concentration you will have an idea about how flammable, toxic, or irritant the substance is. The
disadvantage is that it is very easy to go over the equivalent point and get either acid or base
substance
● Calibrate a volumetric pipette and a pH meter. This is very important and has to be done every
time you use them in the experiment. It gives you more accurate numbers for the pH and
volume of the substance, which makes your results more reliable. Requires adding more time to
the experiment to be able to have enough time to calibrate the equipment in the right way.
● Find out if the substance is alkaline or acidic by the indicator. Is very important when you are
using the substance in a specific product that expects to be effective in e.g. fighting wrinkles.
● How to measure and weigh accurately. This is very important to practice every time you
experiment. This practice gives you more reliable results and further correct diagrams and
graphs. The bad thing is that you can’t get 100 % accurate results if you can’t calibrate the used
equipment first.
● Comparing the experiments we did with each other. This is very important to show how reliable
your results are, but it may be difficult to find some results that are similar to yours. The results
you got may be defined as incorrect if the differences between them and the secondary data are
big.
I worked safely and tried to keep the distance between me and the other students. The most important
thing was our health. I kept my attention on the chemicals that we used to avoid getting them on my
skin or clothes. Lab coats and goggles were worn to reduce the risks if something unexpected happened.
I accepted the responsibility that was given to me. I asked the teacher about some equipment that we
couldn’t find and helped with building up the titration set up. The burette that we used didn’t work well
at the second titration experiment and the only thing we could do was to have patience. We waited
because of the mentioned problem for a longer period than usual to have a neutralized solution. Our
responsibility during the experiment was to help each other to have patience. I got a response for my
performance and it was from the same person that I gave feedback to. This person said that it is easier
to calculate the titer if we bring the HCl to zero in every trial. I knew that this was a waste of time
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