Unit 4 SCLY4 - Crime and Deviance with Theory and Methods; Stratification and Differentiation with Theory and Methods
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Summary AQA A-Level Sociology Globalisation and Crime notes (Crime and Deviance)
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Unit 4 SCLY4 - Crime and Deviance with Theory and Methods; Stratification and Differentiation with Theory and Methods
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AQA
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AQA A Level Sociology Book One Including AS Level
This document includes clear, condensed & detailed notes on Globalisation and Crime - one of the most popular topics in Paper 3 (crime & deviance) that examiners like to ask questions on every single year.
Unit 4 SCLY4 - Crime and Deviance with Theory and Methods; Stratification and Differentiation with Theory and Methods
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- Downloading illegal music/movies
Cyber crime:
- Cyber crime – criminal activities carried out through computers/internet
- The internet has been accused of corrupting the morality of those in society – internet creates
opportunities to commit both ‘conventional crimes’ (fraud) and ‘new crimes’ (piracy)
Categories of cyber crime:
- Cyber-trespass – ‘trespassing’ into others’ ‘cyber property’ e.g. hacking and spreading viruses
- Cyber-deception & theft – e.g. identity theft, phishing (obtaining sensitive details through
deception) and violation of intellectual property rights (illegal downloading etc)
- Cyber-pornography – e.g. pornography involving minors and opportunities for children to
access pornography on internet
- Cyber-violence – inciting psychological/physical harm e.g. cyber-stalking and bullying
- Global cyber-crime – difficult to police due to sheer scale of internet, limited police resources
and its globalised nature, posing prob’s of jurisdiction – police culture also gives cyber-crime a
low priority as it’s seen as lacking the excitement of more conventional policing
Benefits of internet today in terms of crime:
- Provides police & state with greater opportunities for surveillance
- Electronic databases
- Fingerprinting and smart identity cards
- ‘New media’ e.g. internet has created new opportunities for cyber crime, however, it has also
created new opportunity of surveillance of the pop therefore controlling the pop
LO15: Globalisation & Crime
Globalisation – interconnectedness of societies
Why has globalisation happened:
- Spread of ICT
- Influence of global mass media
- Cheap air travel
- Deregulation of financial and other markets
- Easier relocation of businesses to countries where profits will be greater
The global criminal economy:
- Held et al – there has been globalisation of crime – the increasing interconnectedness of
crime across borders and spread of transnational organised crime
- Castells – there is a global criminal economy worth over £1tril/yr
This takes many forms:
- Trafficking women and kids – linked to prostitution and slavery – 500k trafficked/yr in
Western Europe
- Green crime – actions that damage environment e.g. illegal dumping of toxic waste in 3rd
world countries
- The drugs trade – worth £400bil/yr
Global risk consciousness:
- Step 1: globalisation creates new insecurities or ‘risk consciousness’
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