Summary
Summary Hitlers Nazi Germany detailed notes
- Course
- Institution
Extensive notes on Hitlers Nazi germany. From Hitlers rise to power to the fall.
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
rachanarajeev
Content preview
NAZI GERMANYProblems facing Weimar government
Social Political Economic
→ Revolutions ; Spartacist, Kapp, Munich. → Ebert had difficulty getting → 2 million men killed ⇒ less men in
control/support of Reichstag industrial
→ High-Anti-sementic views Workforce ⇒ less taxes ⇒ less economy
→ Assassination of political opponents =
→ Communist threat instability (Erzberger & Rathenau in 1922) → 1/3 of state budget = spent on war
pensions and compensation
→ Strain on hospital + economy → Presidents has Emergency Powers
(Article 48) → Germany in lots of debt- high expenditure
→ Famine (particularly in Berlin) during the war
→ Threat of Communists (Spartacist
→ Social unrest + low morale revolution) → £6.6 billion in reparations, war pensions
Germans humiliated, “stab in the back” and compensation (bonds)
and “November criminal” theories. → German army collapsed-sailors in
Wilhelmshaven and Kiel = mutinied → National income 1/3 of what it had been in
→ Angry soldiers, returning from war soviets all over Germany 1913
with weapons ⇒ high threat of uprising
→ Coalition government- too many →Industrial production 2/3 of what it had
→ Nationalists hated Weimar different ideologies- hard to make a decision been in 1913
quickly, unstable
Strengths Weaknesses
→ Proportional representation ⇒ fair → Emergency powers/ Article 48 ⇒ what is an
Emergency?
→ Bill of Rights ⇒ freedom of expression and religion to everyone
→ Proportional representation ⇒ difficult to make a decision
→ No censorship because there are too many different ideologies, very divided +
unstable so no single party ever won the majority.
→ Democratic ⇒ all men and women over 20 get the vote
→ Ebert didn’t have much support from Reichstag
→ Elected president and Reichstag ⇒ fair and Democratic
→ No support from public (weren’t used to democracy)
→ president stops the Chancellor from becoming too powerful - ’Stabbed in the back myth’
- November Criminals
→ The Weimar had ended the war
→ Wander Vogel movement Weimar ⇒ ‘corrupt + sleazy’,
→ Extremist groups (Communists and Nazis) were not winning Germany falling into moral decline
much support = people were happier
→ Lack of support from army (their friends had been sacked due to
→ By 1927, the industry was recovering the Treaty of Versailles)
→ Huge unemployment
, Treaty of Versailles
Treaty clause Result Importance
Border adjustments → Less land ⇒ Less production Quite important to the people of germany,
→ German population falls by 11% since land is a symbol of the countries
→Less defence power
→Loss of home=social unrest ⇒ BUT less people/land for
→Less trade = weaker economy Germany to be responsible for, especially
important in times of economic distress.
Overseas land taken from Germany (given → Less defence
to Britain and France mostly) in → Less alliances/defence
Russia,Belgium, French territory, Romania, → German humiliation
Serbia, Montenegro… → Less trade = weaker economy
→ Social unrest Very important to the people of Germany
→ Humiliated, angry Germans as it made them and their country look
War Guilt clause- Article 231 (Germany → Angry soldiers returning from bad, national pride went down.
takes all blame for the war) war with weapons = high threat of Led to Kapp Putsch, Munich Putsch,
uprising Spartacist revolution ⇒ Social unrest
Reparations (Germany to pay → Economy exhausted even more Hugely important to Germans
£6.6 billion for worldwide war → Chaos and poverty all over Germany Led to poverty, Occupation of the
damage) → Hatred of the Weimar Ruhr,Hyperinflation, and more issues.
Disarmament → Vulnerable to risk of Large impact on Germans.
(only 100,000 soldiers, 36 ships, no air force attack/invasion
or submarines, ban on alliance → Social unrest lots of angry Led to huge unemployment levels +
with Austria, conscription banned) unemployed freikorps spartacist uprisings
Weimar structure
- President = Head of State
Elected every 7 year. Supposed to stay out of day-to-day government.
ONLY act in a crisis, Article 48, Emergency Powers (could make laws without consulting the Reichstag
in an emergency BUT what is an emergency?)
- Chancellor- leader of the biggest single party
(Ebert in 1918, Hindenburg in 1925)
deal with day-to-day government, appointed by president, had to be supported by the majority of the
Reichstag
- Proportional Representation no. of votes = no. of seats in Reichstag (
Lead to lots of diff parties ⇒ too many diff ideologies ⇒ hard to make a decision quickly)
- Every man and woman over the age of 20 = could vote and had equal rights
May not have been sensible as the Weimar had many enemies
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through EFT, credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying this summary from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller rachanarajeev. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy this summary for R150,64. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
77254 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy summaries for 14 years now