These notes are compiled from old papers. SACAI June & Nov 2019, 2020, 2021. The notes are compact, colourful and easy to study, making it perfect for learners with learning barriers. Covers all topics
These notes are compiled from old papers. SACAI June & Nov 2019, 2020, 2021
NOTE: There are other possible answers that can also be accepted. These are
only suggested answers.
1. DEVELOPMENT OF THE SELF IN SOCIETY
1.1 Goals and goal setting
Long Question (SACAI Jun 2019 & 2021)
Golden Rules for setting goals
If you want to succeed, you need to set goals. Without goals,
you lose focus and direction. Setting goals not only enables you
to take control of your life's course; it also provides you with a
, 2
benchmark to determine if you are truly successful. Think about
it:
Having a million Rand in the bank is only proof of success if one
of your goals is to acquire wealth. If your goal is to practice acts
of charity, suddenly it is at odds with how you would define
success. However, to achieve your goals, you need to know
how to set them. You cannot simply say, "I want" and expect it
to happen. Setting goals is a process that begins with careful
consideration of what you want to achieve, and ends with a lot
of hard work to actually achieve it.
(Source: http://bit.ly/2GGKOFd)
Types of goals
Short term goals- is to join a football club. This is a goal that can be achieved
within a week to a month or several months.
Medium term goals- This kind of goal can be achieved within six months to a
year.
Long term goals- This type of goal is something that wants to be achieved
over a longer period of time (or: has to do with plans for the future
The reason why it is important to set goals and illustrate how persistence and
prioritization can contribute to achieving your goals.
• Goal setting allows you to focus on your ideas.
• Goal setting helps you visualize what you want to achieve.
• Goal setting helps you identify your priorities.
Endurance helps you complete the task no matter how difficult it gets.
Prioritizing means working on the most important goals first because they may
take longer to accomplish.
, 3
The SMART technique
S Specific Certain information is required to specify the objective,
such as: What exactly? When? How?
m Measurable The goals you set must be measurable.
A Achievable It must be possible to achieve your goal.
R Relevant Your goal should be relevant to who you are and what
you want to achieve in life.
T Time bound There should be a target date for goals.
Prioritisation means to evaluate a list of duties and obligations and rank them
according to importance or urgency and do
Benefits of prioritization
• The focus is on the most important matter which helps that unnecessary
attention is not given to other things that will steal time.
• There is a sense of calm, knowing that what is truly important is being
attended to.
• There is efficient time management, because time is not spent on
unnecessary and less important matters.
• A sense of satisfaction because you know your efforts have been
rewarded and this leads to further motivation.
, 4
Essay question(SACAI Nov 2021)
The reason why a team leader must
also be a good negotiator
• A team leader must be able
to negotiate with their team
members so that they share
the leader's vision, are
motivated to pursue the same
goal and achieve the best possible results. / can reduce/resolve/avoid
conflict
• A team leader must also be able to negotiate with sponsors to obtain
certain privileges and benefits for the team
Characteristics of an effective team leader
Good A good team leader must make sure that they convey
communication their message/instructions very clearly so that each team
member understands exactly what is expected of them
and the team. / can reduce/resolve/avoid conflict
Effective A good team leader should know their team members'
organizational abilities so that they can delegate tasks accordingly. Set
skills goals for individual team members so that team can
achieve team goals as a unit
The importance of mutual respect between a team leader and their team.
• The team leader encourages the team members to provide input and
respects everyone's ideas and contributions.
• If the team members feel they are respected, their respect for the
leader will increase.
, 5
• The team members will increasingly look to the leader for guidance
and advice.
• Enthusiasm for the project will increase and everyone will want to do
their best and work together to be successful
“Fair conduct” of a team leader
• A team leader must always act consistently so that none of their team
members feel they are not being treated fairly.
• All team members must be treated in exactly the same way.
Types of power (power bases) that a loved and respected team leader will
possess.
Expert power and referee power
• (Expert power is when an individual possesses in-depth information,
knowledge or expertise in the area for which they are responsible.)
• (Referent/Referent may be defined as someone who has "influence
over others, gained by being well liked or respected by them.")
Long question(SACAI June 2019)
Nelson Mandela: leader among leaders
His role in the struggle against apartheid, his imprisonment on
Robben Island - where he symbolized the struggle of oppressed
people around the world - and his ability to lead South Africa
through its rebirth earned him the international reputation of
benevolent negotiator and quintessential peacemaker let earn
, 6
Imprisoned for 27 years for his opposition to apartheid, Mandela
was released from prison in 1990 and expressed no bitterness
towards his persecutors. Instead, he promoted reconciliation
among South Africa's polarized races and addressed the
principles of nation-building and cooperative government.
Mandela was one of the few leaders who was able to inspire
people inside and outside the country.
(Source: http://bit.ly/2RPyUKY)
Leadership Definition When this When this
styles approach works. approach
doesn't work.
Laissez faire Here the leader When team When team
leadership provides his/her members are also members do not
followers or team competent and have the
members with the experienced. necessary
right instruments When team experience or
and tools needed members are knowledge.
to complete the motivated to When team
task and gives complete the members can't
them freedom to task on their own set their own
make their own deadlines.
decisions. Very
little guidance
and direction is
offered
, 7
Authoritarian The leadership When deadlines Leaders are
(or autocratic) style that shows a are pressing. seen as bossy,
leadership lack of concern When quick controlling,
for others' wishes decisions need to dictatorial or
or opinions. The be made. even
leader has all the condescending.
power
Democratic/ This leader allows This style When team
participatory his/her followers or increases team members are
leader team members to members' morale not experienced
contribute to the because they are enough. When
decision making encouraged and team members
process. The rewarded. do not have the
leader allows knowledge to
them to give their contribute to
input and share the decision-
their ideas, but the making process
leader has the
final say
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