Summary
Summary Psycholinguistics
- Course
- Institution
The summary includes all classes of the Psycholinguistics course with my notes
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
sueda38_akcakaya
Content preview
Neurodegenerative disordersProgressive language disorders in neurodegenerative deseases
(Progressive = overtime it becomes worse)
(Speech &) Language characteristics in neurodenegerative diseases
•Alzheimer’s Disease (AD)
•Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
•Fronto-Temporal Lobe Dementia (FTLD)
•Huntington’s Disease (HD)
•Parkinson’s Disease (PD)
>> There are different types of dymentia,
>>Neurodegenerative diseases; age-dependent progressive deseases, caused by degeneration of the central
nervous system → breakdown of neurons in the peoples brains,
All neurodegenerative disorders are (patho-)physiologically (at the level of the neuroanotomy and the way
neurons communicate with each other) characterized by the following aspects
•Affect “specific subsets of neurons”
•without clear explanation and could be either inherited or acquired →
•“Progress relentlessly”
•Are often age-related, increasing in frequency with advancing age (if it is inherited it may occur at a younger
age)
•Are often accompanied by microscopic signs of four stages of disorder:
•Neuronal pathology (some kind of inflammation that is affecting neurons)
•Neuronal cell death (dissapaearance of the neurons)
•Disappearance of neuronal cell bodies
•Glial proliferation (i.e. cells that support neurons in the CNS, eg. Microglia, Schwann cells, etc.)
« ... brief overview of common clinical features of neurodegenerative diseases » :
1. chronic clinical course is relentlessly progressive until death.
2. disorder is not reversible (you can only help) by any known therapy: drug therapy or gene therapy may give
marginal and temporary improvement.
3. phenotypic variability (is changes from patient to another) is commonly seen (i.e. different expression of
same genetic changes)
4. cognitive impairment and dementia are common manifestations in neurodegenerative (the pathology that
is causing our neurons to dye, )disorders but are not seen in all forms. Types can be differentiated by formal
neuropsychological tests.
5. condition appears to be heritable in a small percentage of cases (but it is usually the lower percentages)
6. In the familial form of the disease, the onset occurs up to a decade before onset of the sporadic form of the
disease.
7. several different neurodegenerative diseases may appear together within a family. (there may be a weakness in
the genome)
8. different clinical manifestations are mediated by dysfunction of different anatomicalregions of degeneration.
9. features of more than one neurodegenerative diseases may appear to coexist in one patient (e.g. ALS and
FTLD).
10. advances in genetics of neurodegenerative diseases have demonstrated that diverse clinical phenotypes may
share similar genotypes, and that clinically similar phenotypes may be associated with a wide variety of
genotypes.
,>> niet kennen voor het examen, it shows the catogorization of sorts of dimentia
Different types of neurons that are associated with different disseases
*refer to neurotransmitters that these neurons are susceptible to
These are neurotransmitters; in some cases they exite and in some cases they inhibit through the responses they
release (picture right)
Parkinsons disease have difficulties with motor control bcs it is linked with dopamine (and depression)
(speech&) lanuage charecteristics in neurodegenerative deseases
,Microtubule falls apart >> so there can’t be transport to neurons = disfonction of neurons that needs to
be neurished → creates cell deads → effects the cerebral cortex and hoppocampus in the first stage
→ Prevalence is low in case of younger people and over 85 there is an exponantion increase in terms
of prevalence
→ there can be a genetic factor, but there are also lifestyle and environmental influences
→ agnosia = unawareness
>> There are different ways of diagnosis based on diagnostic criteria
>> For the dsm5 (diagnostic manual for psychiatrists) = accuracy rate of 65 – 96 → there is some
variability
, 3phases of the disease
Early phase → Anomia = is related to memory issues, is the difficulty to name objects
Mnestic issues influence anomia
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through EFT, credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying this summary from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller sueda38_akcakaya. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy this summary for R107,24. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
67096 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy summaries for 14 years now