, 7.1 Consult more than six sources and discuss, using your own words and
references from authoritative sources the scope and context of participatory
research. (15)
Participatory research represents a methodological approach that emphasizes
collaboration and shared decision -making between researchers and participants.
According to Cornwall and Jewkes (1995), this approach involves "a process of collective
inquiry" where community members are actively involved in shaping the research process.
Instead of researchers holding all the decision -making power, the method aims for
equitable partnerships, echoing Fals-Borda's (1991) claim that participatory research
intends to "bring about change" for the betterment of the communities involved.
The scope of participatory research is broad, encompassing various fields from public
health to education and community development. Chambers (1994) discusses how this
approach is particularly effective in understanding local conditions and context-specific
issues, as the participants themselves offer invaluable insights. In this framework,
research is not confined to academic circles but extends to create real-world impact.
Yet, this approach is not without challenges. Critics like Cooke and Kothari (2001) argue
that the ideal of equal power relations is often not met, citing examples where community
members still feel exploited. However, proponents like Freire (1970) assert that any
asymmetry can be mitigated through "dialogical action," allowing marginalized groups to
engage meaningfully.
A key element of participatory research is its iterative nature. Gaventa and Cornwall (2008)
note that the process involves "ongoing reflection," which allows for the adaptation of
methods and goals as the research progresses. The flexibility makes it an evolving model,
conducive to addressing complex issues.
In a real-world application, Israel et al. (1998) explored participatory research in tackling
health disparities. Community members were involved in formulating the research
questions, collecting data, and even in the dissemination of the results, leading to more
contextually relevant and accepted solutions.
In conclusion, participatory research democratizes the research process, fostering co-
creation of knowledge. It is marked by its flexible, collaborative nature and its commitment
to social change. While criticisms regarding power imbalances exist, the approach's
benefits in producing contextual and impactful results are significant.
References:
• Cornwall, A., & Jewkes, R. (1995). What is participatory research?
• Fals-Borda, O. (1991). Some basic ingredients of participatory research.
• Chambers, R. (1994). Participatory rural appraisal: An alysis of experience.
• Cooke, B., & Kothari, U. (2001). The case for participation as tyranny.
• Freire, P. (1970). Pedagogy of the Oppressed.
• Gaventa, J., & Cornwall, A. (2008). Power and Knowledge.
